The Pyramids of the Cold published by french layman B. Coursol

House altar: Akhenaten, Nefertiti and three of their daughters under the Radiant Aton. State Museums in Berlin, Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection / Margarete Büsing: https://recherche.smb.museum/detail/607132

 

23.02  The Heat of Sun god Ra is the reason why ancient Egyptians would have worshipped the Sun

This idea that ancient Egyptians only referred to the sun because of the Heat it is generating is actually well known : "The Eye of Ra also represents the destructive aspect of Ra's power: the heat of the sun"  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_of_Ra

The Heat of the Sun, is also what the Akhenaten and Aten scene is all about : the light beams are about Heat, not light.

 

23.03  The Sun metaphor and the operating cycle of the impactor in and out of the well

I've always wondered why egyptologists were so eager to talk about the sun, and if ancient Egyptian themselves really talked about it or if it was another incorrect interpretation from the early 1800's.

We've seen in the 'Weighing of the Heart' Section 20, that ancient Egyptians couldn't stop talking about the Heart, but only because it was referring to the Heart of the Great Pyramid, the masterpiece of engineering that was the inclined well. The Heart was nothing but another metaphor.

So maybe it is the exact same thing with the Sun : the Sun would be just another metaphor.

 

23.04  The evaporative cold Ankh symbol is given by Akhenaten to Aten, through the nose : it is about cold air

Actually we've already seen in the Akhenaten Section 17, that the Sun actually really had been one on these metaphors : the Sun is simply representing the Heat. If at the end of every single ray of light there is a hand, it is because it is not about light in the first place : the hands are for touching, and you don't 'feel' the light on your body, but you do feel the warmth of the Sun of your body.

The Aten is just a metaphoric representation of the Heat, and what Akhenaten is giving to the Aten Sun is the Ankh symbol : the symbol for the evaporative cold. Because the evaporative cold is nothing but cold air, Akhenaten is giving the Ankh symbol of the cold, through the nose. The nose is made for the air.

But this is a metaphor from the 18th Dynasty, and from a King who apparently didn't want to worship every single god from the past; Akhenaten wanted to be remembered as the one who created the cold : he wanted to replace the ancient gods so to speak.

So, if ancient Egyptians really were worshipping some kind of Sun god, and in some ways the endless day and night cycles, it could simply come from the endless operating cycle of the impactor.

When the impactor was inside the inclined well waters, ancient Egyptians described it like it was Night; and when the impactor was back in the Grand Gallery, it was Day again.

The retrieving of the floating impactor from the waters of the well would have marked the beginning of a new day in the voyage in the afterlife of the deceased; and the entering in the waters would have marked dusk, the beginning of the night in the afterlife.

 

"As this deity, Ra confers with Osiris on the deepest of levels, perhaps confirming which souls have been rightly justified before transporting them, and then traveling on through the underworld darkness toward the dawn of paradise. As the barge rolls through the underworld, it is attacked by the serpent Apophis who tries to kill Ra and prevent the sunrise. The gods onboard fight the serpent off with the help of the justified dead while, on earth, the living encourage the defenders through ritual ceremonies, channeling positive energies to strengthen those on board. Every night Apophis attacks, and every night he is defeated. Ra and his crew sail on toward dawn, the justified dead are delivered to their destination, and the sunrise was then seen as the sign that Ra was again victorious, and the Egyptians would see another day." 

https://www.worldhistory.org/Ra_%28Egyptian_God%29/

 

 

23.05  The scientific metaphoric representations of the ancient Egyptian gods

Every single ancient Egyptian god is only a metaphor, and they all are about a particular aspect of the scientific research program they've started probably with the very first Dynasty. Most of these gods are directly referring to how was created evaporative cold in the horizontal passage and how was this process based on.

For example, gods like Shu, Geb and Tefnut are a perfect representation of the evaporation of water from liquid water, and the fact that this evaporative process was supported by Shu, the god of dry and warm air.

 

23.06  The impactor ramming into the inclined well waters (Nun) to produce pressurized water (Apep)

I've already talked about the distinction that has to be made between the waters of the well before the pressurization and the pressurized waters strictly speaking.

The 'plain still' waters had been glorified into what have been called the primordial waters of Nun, while the pressurized waters had been represented into the Great Serpent Apep (also Apophis).

This passage talks about how Atum created everything in human form out of the chaos: "At the beginning of time, when there was nothing but chaos, the sun-god existed alone in the watery mass of Nun which filled the universe. "I am Atum when he was alone in Nun, I am Ra when he dawned, when he began to rule that which he had made."

 

Once the well is pressurized, a small amount of that water is ejected into the horizontal cooling passage, and that is Atum : about 200 liters of pressurized water which every 15 minutes or so passes through the fog nozzle to create a fog of microdroplets of liquid water. This very particular form of water had been glorified into goddess Tefnut (Tef, or 'tf', meaning to spit, Section 5).

"He (Ra) created Shu, god of air, and the goddess of moisture, Tefnut."

The above excerpt is by the way, another confirmation that the purpose of the impactor was not limited to produce pressurized water, just like the "awakening" Osiris figure already have suggested it (previous Section 21).

If Ra is the one creating Shu, the god of dry and warm air, it is because the fall of the impactor is taking place inside a fixed wooden caisson that was perfectly extending the inclined well, probably to the top of the Grand Gallery. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra

 

23.07  The Primeval Hill on which Ra is creating Shu and Tefnut is the Grand Gallery

"On a Primeval hill, Ra created out of himself the first gods, Shu (Dryness and Air), and his partner Tefnut (Humidity), who would engender other gods to complete the Cosmos: Geb the Earth god and Nut the Sky goddess. " https://www.arce.org/resource/ra-creator-god-ancient-egypt

Everyone would have most probably recognized in the "Primeval Hill", the steep slope of the Grand Gallery, precisely where the impactor Ra was operated. More on Nut and Tefnut in Section 3

 

23.08  Ra as Atum and the Creation process out of Water

Also from Arce : "Before creation, according to Egyptian mythology, only Darkness embraced the Primeval Ocean out of which life would come. When the breath of life was strong and ready, the entity called Atum decided it was time for Creation to begin. An island emerged from the water to support this divinity, who manifested itself in the form of Ra, the sun god of Egypt."

This particular phrase "When the breath of life was strong and ready, the entity called Atum decided it was time for Creation to begin" could be another confirmation that before the well was pressurized, the fall of the impactor first pushed air in front of him. The fixed wooden caisson in which was moving the impactor would have function exactly like a bicycle pump and would have pressurized the evaporative cooling passage with the air of the caisson, before the pressurization of the inclined well waters.

Atum, originating from the well and being the one metaphorical god just before creation could happen, is the "small amount of pressurized water", maybe about 200 liters, that were ejected from the well every 15 minutes or so, towards the fog nozzle.

"Ra was believed to have created all forms of life by calling them into existence by uttering their secret names. In some accounts humans were created from Ra's tears and sweat."

"According to one myth the first portion of Earth came into being when the sun god summoned it out of the watery mass of Nun."

"Ra was thought to travel on the Atet, two solar barques called the Mandjet (the Boat of Millions of Years) or morning-boat and the Mesektet or evening-boat. These boats took him on his journey through the sky and the Duat – twelve hours of night which is also the literal underworld of Egypt. While Ra was on the Mesektet, he was in his ram-headed form." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra

 

There are genuine links between all ancient Egyptian gods, but they are not about family lineage. Nobody is the grandmother or the mother or the sister of anybody : every single god from ancient Egypt is a metaphor, and nothing else. Most of them were either 'born' with the Great Pyramid (like Taweret and Bes who were referring to the draining of the well, an event which most probably didn't happened before, except in necessary trials), or the pyramid just 'revealed' them, because the Great Pyramid was the outcome of 80 years of technological research (like the gods who are referring to the operating of the Hauling beetle or the impactor which already had to be used before the Great Pyramid in other locations).

 

23.09  The imbroglio of gods relationships vs. their truly genuine meaning

It will be probably impossible to determine who, between ancient Egyptians themselves of egyptologists from the 19th century, are responsible for the extreme imbroglio regarding all these gods.

But when Nut is described as both Ra's grandmother and mother, and as the goddess of the sky and the stars when her emblem and everything else about her is about water, then it is probably a good indicator that the academic understanding of Nut, as a good example out of many, might be a little off course.

 

"According to the Pyramid Texts, Ra (as Atum) emerged from the waters of Nun as a benben stone (an obelisk-like pillar). He then spat forth Shu (air) and Tefnut (moisture), and Tefnut in turn gave birth to Geb (earth) and Nut (sky). Ra tried to separate Geb and Nut by placing Shu between them and decreed that Nut could not give birth on any day of the calendar. […]It was thought that Ra “died” or was swallowed by Nut every evening as the sun dipped below the horizon. He travelled through the world of the dead by night and was then reborn in the morning (making Nut both his granddaughter and his mother). At sunset he was linked to Horakhty (Horus on the Horizon) and Atum, and at dawn he was linked to the scarab beetle, Khepri (“the Emerging One”) and Nefertum."  https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/ra/

"Atum-Ra (or Ra-Atum) was another composite deity formed from two completely separate deities; however, Ra shared more similarities with Atum than with Amun. Atum was more closely linked with the sun, and was also a creator god of the Ennead. Both Ra and Atum were regarded as the father of the deities and pharaohs and were widely worshiped. In older myths, Atum was the creator of Tefnut and Shu, and he was born from the ocean Nun."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra

 

 

The metaphorical use of the Great Serpent of the Underworld Apep, as a representation of the inclined well pressurized waters, being contained by the girdle stones of the inclined well.

 

23.10  The snake metaphor for the water used to power up the Great Pyramid

The idea that ancient Egyptians worshiped the Nile river because it fertilized the banks of the river is wrong : they worshiped the Nile because they used its water to power up the Great Pyramid, and every single other site dedicated to science before that.

Even today, almost every significant industrial site is located either next to a major river or directly along sea shore; and the funny thing is that most of the time, the water is used for industrial cooling.

Ancient Egyptians did the exact same thing, and they did it way long before the state of the art Great Pyramid. We know it for sure, because maybe the first metaphor used by Egyptians was the snake metaphor : every single snake representations (in the scientific "religious" context) are about the water from the Nile, and it had been used for a very long time : "The oldest deity known in Egypt was Wadjet, the Egyptian cobra, whose cult never was eclipsed in Ancient Egyptian religion."  https://religion.fandom.com/wiki/Isis

 

Relief from KV 17, the tomb of Sety I. Photograph thanks to kairoinfo4u and posted on flickr

 

23.11  The Great Serpent Apep is a metaphor of the pressurized waters of the inclined well

The Great Serpent Apep is one of these snake metaphors representing the water from the Nile, and it is about the pressurized waters of the inclined well, being contained by the well: the "restraining of Apep" is the containment of the pressurized waters of the well by the upper girdle gtones.

More on Apep and the Water metaphor in Section 5

In the following excerpt, Ra is linked with Atum and Nut. To understand the real link between them, please look back at the diagram in paragraph 23.08

 

"Apophis, the god of chaos (isfet), was an enormous serpent who attempted to stop the sun-boat's journey every night by consuming it or by stopping it in its tracks with a hypnotic stare. During the evening, the Egyptians believed that Ra set as Atum or in the form of a ram. The night boat would carry him through the underworld and back towards the east in preparation for his rebirth. These myths of Ra represented the sun rising as the rebirth of the sun by the sky-goddess Nut."

"Apep, also called Apophis, was the god of chaos and Ra's arch-enemy. He was said to lie just below the horizon line, trying to devour Ra as Ra traveled through the underworld."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra

 

Sun god Ra on his Solar barque with Set fighting Apep, the Great Serpent of the Underworld: https://www.mygodpictures.com/apep-and-seth-imageapep-and-seth-image/

Original image of the draw: "Représentation de la barque solaire de Rê tirée par des chacals et des serpent. L'embarcation est attaquée par le serpent Apophis mais ce dernier est transpercé par Seth". Papyrus funéraire de Hérouben. Soutekh67 on Wikipedia: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Barque_solaire_contre_Apopi.jpg

 

23.12  The Osiris myth is about the "killing" of the Great Serpent Apep: it is about the power over water

We've seen that snakes were only representations of the water used to power up the Great Pyramid, so when Ra and the Great Serpent Apep are fighting against each other in the Underworld, it means that Ra is actually "fighting" with water in the pyramid. The whole Osiris myth is actually based on the operating of the Great Pyramid and the endless cycle of Hauling the Beetle gantry to the top of the Grand Gallery and it release into the steep slope to pressurize the inclined well waters.

 

23.13  Ra and Osiris had to merge together in the Underworld to accomplish their task

I was talking about the impactor, over and over again for about a year and a half now, and it was right under my nose since the very beginning : just like I've missed Osiris, I've also missed Ra. Of course, I've already understood that Ra's barque, the Solar boat, was the glorification of the impactor (Section 11, 'The Hauling Cavern of the Underworld') but I couldn't figure out what exactly was Ra representing; it could have been anything, but I think I got confused by the academic vision of Ra, and particularly about his Solar barque; because there is not such a thing as Ra's Solar barque. Ra is the barque; Ra is the vessel that is carrying the Osiris stone through the Underworld. Ra is the impactor of the Great Pyramid.

One thing we know about Ra, is that "When Ra was in the underworld, he merged with Osiris..." and because we already know that the Underworld is the internal layout of the Great Pyramid and that Osiris is the granite stone that was inside the impactor, it means that Ra is the wooden impactor itself.

"Throughout the day, Ra sailed across the sky in his barge and then descended down into the underworld at night. The sun barge now transformed into the evening barge known as the Ship of a Million Souls which picked up the newly arrived and justified dead to bring them to the paradise of the Field of Reeds. Ra at this time becomes merged with Osiris, the judge of the dead, and Osiris is seen as the “corpse” and Ra as the “soul” of the single deity Ra-Osiris."

"As this deity, Ra confers with Osiris on the deepest of levels, perhaps confirming which souls have been rightly justified before transporting them, and then traveling on through the underworld darkness toward the dawn of paradise. As the barge rolls through the underworld, it is attacked by the serpent Apophis who tries to kill Ra and prevent the sunrise. The gods onboard fight the serpent off with the help of the justified dead while, on earth, the living encourage the defenders through ritual ceremonies, channeling positive energies to strengthen those on board. Every night Apophis attacks, and every night he is defeated. Ra and his crew sail on toward dawn, the justified dead are delivered to their destination, and the sunrise was then seen as the sign that Ra was again victorious, and the Egyptians would see another day."  https://www.worldhistory.org/Ra_(Egyptian_God)/

 

Sun god Ra and Osiris are both glorifying representations of the two parts that constituted the impactor of the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

 

23.14  Ra is the impactor vessel for the Osiris granite stone

We've seen that in the ancient Egyptian religion, everything is nothing but metaphors and the Underworld isn't different; it is absolutely not just a metaphysical idea : the Underworld is very real, it is the glorification of the internal layout of the Great Pyramid. The King's chamber, the Grand Gallery, the inclined well, the evaporative cooling passage and the Queen's chamber, they all together constitute the ancient Egyptian Underworld.

One particular phrase from the last excerpt is exceptional, and is explaining the role of both deities in the single deity Ra-Osiris: "Ra at this times becomes merged with Osiris, the judge of the dead, and Osiris is seen as the "corpse" and Ra as the "soul" of the single deity Ra-Osiris."

This phrase can be easily understood simply by replacing the term "soul" by "vessel". Ra is the vessel for the "corpse" of Osiris. Translated, it means that Osiris is the one who has to be moved, by using the Ra "vessel".

Ra is the wooden "vessel" impactor for the Osiris granite stone.

 

Exceptional 3D Model of the "Osiris Death Bed" from Abydos, courtesy of danderson4 on Sketchfab.

"The god Osiris lying on his death and resurrection bed. Discovered by Amélineau in the late 19th century in the tomb of First Dynasty Pharaoh Djer in the royal cemetery at Abydos known as Umm el-Qa’ab. This tomb while originally dated to the First Dynasty, later becomes attributed as the tomb of Osiris. It has been suggested that the sculpture was added to the tomb in the late Middle Kingdom / Second Intermediate Period.

The artifact is of black basalt and represents the god Osiris mummified and wearing the White Crown of Upper Egypt, lying upon a lion headed bed. At the head and feet Osiris is protected by four falcons representing his son Horus and perched above him is the goddess Isis depicted as a Kite.

Photographed when the artifact was in the exhibit “Egypt’s Sunken Cities” at the Minneapolis Institute of Art, November 10, 2018." https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/osiris-death-bed-from-abydos-cdeee4ba154e420b8221dcc56752ae3d

 

23.15  The Death Bed of Osiris and the eight front finger paws

Because the "Bed of Osiris" is actually a representation of the Hauling beetle of the Great Pyramid, and because this wooden gantry was the assembly of two "half-beetles", one on the eastern ramp and the other on the western ramp, the front paws of the Bed are doubled: the left paw of the Lion have eight fingers and the right paw have eight fingers as well. There are even separating lines on the legs.

Remarkably, these eight finger paws are beautifully echoing the eight crewmembers of the Beetle.

Male Lion Paw, by Jonathan Griffiths: https://www.flickr.com/photos/37047946@N07/3469978681/

 

Isis, left, and Nephthys stand by as Anubis embalms the deceased, in the Theban Tomb 335 (Nakhtamun), thirteenth century BCE. By ShillukinUSA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis#/media/File:ThebanTomb335.png

 

23.16  Isis and Nephthys are the Ones saving both Ra and Osiris from the Great Serpent Apep

We've already seen that the Sokar deity was representing the latch bolts of the Grand Gallery that enabled the sequential hauling of the impactor, one step at a time; and we've also seen that Aker represented both the axle beam and its holders (Section 11); but there is even more to find out about the operating of the impactor : Isis and Nephthys were the representation of the impactor's Hauling rope.

In the Osiris myth, these two goddesses are the ones saving Osiris from the Great Serpent Apep; it means that they are the ones who are getting Osiris out of the waters of the inclined well. Of course, the myth is only mentioning Osiris, because in the single Ra-Osiris deity, Ra was only considered as the "soul", while Osiris was the "corpse".

Isis and Nephthys actually gave life back to both of them, Ra (the wooden impactor) and Osiris (the granite stone).

"It is Nephthys who assists Isis in gathering and mourning the dismembered portions of the body of Osiris after his murder by the envious Set. Nephthys also serves as the nursemaid and watchful guardian of the infant Horus."   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephthys

"Nephthys or Nebet-Het in ancient Egyptian was a goddess in ancient Egyptian religion. A member of the Great Ennead of Heliopolis in Egyptian mythology, she was a daughter of Nut and Geb. Nephthys was typically paired with her sister Isis in funerary rites because of their role as protectors of the mummy and the god Osiris and as the sister-wife of Set."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephthys

If Isis is described as the wife of Osiris, the one who at the very end of the myth is giving life back to him, and if there are many sexual metaphors about Isis and Osiris copulating, it is because, as the metaphorical representation of the central rope (the impactor's Hauling rope); Isis and Osiris were constantly uncoupled (for the release of the impactor) and reassembled (to get the impactor back to the top of the Gallery).

"Isis, who is Osiris's wife as well as his sister, is his queen. Set kills Osiris and, in several versions of the story, dismembers his corpse. Isis and Nephthys, along with other deities such as Anubis, search for the pieces of their brother's body and reassemble it. […] Finally, Isis restores breath and life to Osiris's body and copulates with him."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis

 

In the next paragraphs, we'll see why both twin sisters Isis and Nephthys were actually one single deity representing the impactor's Hauling rope, and why on the above image from Nakhtamun Theban tomb 335, Isis is at Osiris' feet and obviously pushing the Osiris' Bed, while Nephthys is standing still at Osiris' head.

 

The twin sister goddesses Isis on the left, and Nephthys on the right. Draws by Jeff Dahl on Wikipedia.

Original ropes discovered in the Kheops Solar boat pit. Photograph by Jon Bodsworth: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu_ship

 

23.17  One of the names of Nephthys is Seshat

The question now is to know what these twin sisters are really representing, and it is Nephthys who is giving the answer, because she is all about ropes.

Most of the time, Nephthys and Seshat are considered two different deities, but this is incorrect: Seshat is only one particular aspect of Nephthys. Seshat is one of the names of Nephthys:

"As early as the Pyramid Texts (the oldest ones date from 2400-2300 BCE), Nephthys is said to have “collected all your members for you in this Her name of Seshat, Lady of Builders.” (Pyramid Texts, Utterance 364)": https://isiopolis.com/2014/07/13/oh-yes-more-nephthys/

"In utterance 364, Nephthys, identified with Seshat, “Lady of Builders,” has collected the limbs of Osiris/the deceased": https://henadology.wordpress.com/theology/netjeru/nephthys/

"Nephthys has been treated here in some detail, foe Seshat proves to have been one of her forms. The Pyramid Texts, par.616, speak of Nephthys 'in this her name of Seshat, Mistress of Builders', and the late inscriptions again record Seshat as a form of Nephthys". Source Sage journals at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/030751334002600105?journalCode=egaa

 

23.18  Seshat (and her "stretching the cord" ceremony) and Nephthys (and her "Tresses") are about ropes

Probably a good interpretation of the couple constituted of Nephthys and Seshat, would be to identify Nephthys as the 'mythological' aspect of what was really represented into Seshat: the ropes.

"As Lady of Builders, one of Seshat’s main functions is to lay out the boundaries for new buildings, especially temples, via the ceremony of “stretching the cord,” which was a method of using a cord or rope to measure out straight foundations for a building." https://isiopolis.com/2014/07/13/oh-yes-more-nephthys/

This "stretching the cord" ceremony of Seshat, echoes one of the most famous attributes of Nephthys: her "tresses".

The "tresses of Nephthys" are the ropes used by her own Seshat "technical" aspect of herself.

 

23.19  Isis is the impactor's Hauling rope getting Osiris out of the waters of the well

The reason why both Isis and Nephthys are holding a Wadj scepter representing the stem of papyrus, from which ancient ropes were made of, is because they are both representations of ropes; and because Nephthys was the twin sister or Isis, it also means that Isis is representing a rope.

And it makes perfect sense: if Isis is the One who is giving life back to Osiris and to the impactor Ra, by getting them both out of the inclined well waters, it is because Isis is the impactor's Hauling rope.

 

Book of the Dead of Hunefer (Hw-nfr) frame 3, at the British Museum: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3

 

23.20  The Nephthys mystery: which rope(s) is she referring to?

I first thought that Nephthys, the twin sister of Isis, was representing the two other ropes of the Grand Gallery: the ones directly connecting the Hauling beetle with the axle beam. At first glance, it looked satisfying. But actually, nothing about Nephthys is supporting this idea. Everything about her is so mysterious:

"When in a dyad with Isis, Nephthys is decidedly the “darker” one. The Pyramid Texts advise the king to “descend with Nephthys” in the Barque of the Night, but arise with Isis in the Barque of the Day."

"Later he says that Nephthys is what is “below the earth and invisible” in contrast with Isis Who “is above the earth and manifest.”

"The one being reborn is to “throw off the tresses of Nephthys” like he throws off his mummy wrappings at his rebirth".

https://isiopolis.com/2014/07/13/oh-yes-more-nephthys/

I really tried to make Nephthys the representation of these two lateral Beetle's Hauling ropes, but in vain. And suddenly, I got it: like the Barque of Ra, which is simply Ra himself; there is no such thing as Isis and her twin sister Nephthys: they are both representing the same thing, they are both about the same rope.

Isis and Nephthys are both glorifying representations of the impactor's Hauling rope, and the difference between the two of them, is that they are not representing the rope in the same moment in its operating cycle.

Because we know that Isis is saving Osiris, meaning she is getting the impactor out of the well, it is pretty easy to understand her : Isis is the typical representation of a Hauling rope that anybody could imagine.

In the following excerpt, Isis is even described "travelling among humans". This phrase looks pretty insignificant, but it is not : because Isis was the impactor's Hauling rope that was set into the central gutter of the Gallery, Isis was indeed literally "travelling" among the crewmembers of the Hauling Beetle.

"In some texts, Isis travels among humans and must seek their help". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis

 

23.21  Isis and Nephthys are the same impactor's Hauling rope: the active one; and the inactive one, coiled around the axle beam

The problem is with Nephthys. When Isis is described as "above the earth and manifest", Nephthys is described as "invisible".

"Later he says that Nephthys is what is “below the earth and invisible” in contrast with Isis Who “is above the earth and manifest.” https://isiopolis.com/2014/07/13/oh-yes-more-nephthys/

There is even this following excerpt that I find so interesting: "The one being reborn is to “throw off the tresses of Nephthys” like he throws off his mummy wrappings at his rebirth".

"The one being reborn is to “throw off the tresses of Nephthys” is actually price less, because it is talking about throwing off the rope so that one can reborn.

Once the impactor has been hauled to the top of the Gallery, I've suggested that it would have been disconnected with its rope before being released into the steep slope. At that exact moment, the Isis Hauling rope is completely wound around the axle beam, and then they had to disconnect the rope with the impactor.

 

23.22  Beheaded Isis and the release of the impactor, freed from the Hauling rope

Another way of saying that, is that they had to cut off Isis' head: "Isis continues to assist her son when he challenges Set to claim the kingship that Set has usurped […] as when Horus beheads Isis and she replaces her original head with that of a cow—an origin myth explaining the cow-horn headdress that Isis wears". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis

It is also mentioned that the original head of Isis is replaced with the head of a cow, and it is directly referring to the act of towing itself : the cow is suggesting the towing (Hathor herself, as a representation of the Hauling beetle, is depicted into a cow goddess).

 

"Mooring lines are used when arriving or leaving a berth. One of the most important competent crew skills is to know how to handle and tie mooring lines securely and safely": https://www.safe-skipper.com/competent-crew-skills-mooring-lines/

Supply ratings handling a coil of 16 inches (410 mm) towing hawser (rope) at the Royal Navy's Naval Stores Department, Nore, Harwich. Royal Navy official photographer, Russell, J E (Lt) - This is photograph A 16341 from the collections of the Imperial War Museums: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawser

 

23.23  The squeaky mooring lines metaphor of the so famous "Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys"

Everything about the Osiris' festival is about the recreation of the operating of the Grand Gallery, and maybe the most important part of it is the famous "Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys".

Here, on the coast of Brittany France, boats are everywhere and most of the time moored at quayside, with the mooring ropes making all kind of sounds because of the high winds. Some people can say they are just squeaky and creaky dock lines, but others would say they are singing!

The "Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys" are simply, but beautifully reproducing the squeaky mooring sounds of the Isis impactor's Hauling rope. How's that for beautiful!

"she (Nephthys) certainly figured as a goddess of great importance in the annual rites conducted, wherein two chosen females or priestesses played the roles of Isis and Nephthys and performed the elaborate "Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys".

"Her magical skills were similar to those of Isis and some scholars see her as Isis' mirror image, Nephthys' darkness balancing Isis' light, and they are frequently pictured together as twin sisters. In the city of Heliopolis Nephthys and Isis were represented by two virgin priestesses at festivals who would recite the famous Lamentations of Isis and Nepthys at the Osiris' festival. The Lamentations is a long narrative poem recreating the moment Isis and Nephthys worked together to revive the god Osiris and bring him back to life. Her symbols are the hawk and the temple and the sycamore tree, one of the more popular trees depicted in inscriptions from the Egyptian Book of the Dead. Prayers were offered to Nephthys at twilight for protection and also to aid her as she struggled with her husband Set to defend the Boat of Ra (the sun god) from the serpent Apophis as it made its journey through the realms of night."   https://www.worldhistory.org/Nephthys/

 

23.24  The multi-strand rope deterioration due to the squeaking internal friction

For someone who never had to sleep on a small boat moored at the quayside, the squeaking and creaking noises caused by multi-strands ropes could be easily seen as quite meaningless: everybody likes to have a walk along quayside. But if you do want to sleep on the boats, you will quickly change your mind: there is nothing more annoying that these squeaky noises.

But more important, these noises are also a sign that the ropes are deteriorating, from the inside; and this is maybe the reason why ancient Egyptians were so concerned about these noises, and the reason of the Isis and Nephthys Lamentations.

"The "squeak" frequently comes from the strands of line rubbing against one another as they stretch and retract. The process generates internal friction that heats the line up, causes the strands to expand slightly, increases the friction, etc. etc. etc. Several research studies that line failures are frequently caused by internal heating rather than chafe, particularly when lines are run through plastic tubing that prevents water getting to the line and acting as a coolant."

Post by svHyLyte, at: https://www.sailnet.com/threads/squeaking-and-creaking-of-docklines-and-fenders.46595/

 

23.25  Isis is indeed also known as the "Great Mooring Post"

The fact is that this "mooring" metaphor about Isis, is actually perfectly documented in ancient Egyptian literature: "Isis is not just about rebirth and sunrise. She is also the Great Mooring Post". https://isiopolis12.rssing.com/chan-10218340/all_p4.html

Also, a very detailed study "When Isis "Moored" Osiris", by L. D. Graham - JEOL. Excerpt: "The present paper, which is philological in nature, addresses a central event in the Osiris myth as it is narrated in the Great Hymn on the Stele of Amenmose. Specifically, the Great Hymn says (in line 15) that, when Isis eventually located Osiris’s body after his murder by Seth, she “moored her brother”. https://hcommons.org/deposits/objects/hc:47012/datastreams/CONTENT/content

 

If you want to have an idea of how the "Lamentations of Isis and Nephthys" sounded like, please listen to this short YouTube video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehVjrNqfVvc

 

Tape measure, by William Warby on flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/wwarby/4915969081

How a tape measure works: Why it is retractable? by Mift H: https://www.fullyinstrumented.com/how-a-tape-measure-works/

 

23.26  The Seshat/Nephthys ancient Egyptian goddess of architects… and the modern Self-Retracting Tape Measure

Once in a while throughout my study about ancient Egypt, I stumble upon a little jewel that I particularly enjoy; and there is one right there with the Nephthys glorification of the impactor's Hauling rope completely coiled around the axle beam.

Nowadays, if anyone on earth would have to metaphorically describe one more time everything that happened in the Great Pyramid, like ancient Egyptians did 4500 years ago, I doubt that a deity would be created to represent the impactor's rope, not Hauling anything, simply resting on her axle beam. I'm sure it would be completely disregarded.

Egyptians didn't, and they even used this particular aspect of the operating cycle to create what is still today the emblem of any architect in the world: a measuring tape!

In some way, we can even go further into the metaphor, because if you really think it through, the functioning of the axle beam/impactor's Hauling rope unit, was a perfect match with a very modern self-retracting tape measure.

In modern tape measures, it is the spring mechanism that is retracting the tape; in the Great Pyramid, it was the Hauling beetle that was retracting the impactor's rope and the latch bolts that were having the role of the modern lock button of the tape.

"How a tape measure works are basically not rocket science. It only depends on its two major features: lock and spring mechanism. The lock button behaves to stop the tape from retracting when you extend it. The spring mechanism plays as the automatic roller to retract the tape." https://www.fullyinstrumented.com/how-a-tape-measure-works/

 

Technical draw of a rope: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rope

Seven strand hemp rope: https://www.corderie-lorenzi.fr/en/elementor-3554/

 

 23.27  The seven strand structure of the impactor's Hauling rope

Most probably, Seshat's emblem is a technical representation of the Hauling rope's structure: the rope would have had 7 strands.

The curious shape on top of the 7-pointed green emblem would be how ancient Egyptians have drawn our modern curly brackets: they are explaining that the 7 strands were combined to form one single rope.

"As Lady of Builders, one of Seshat’s main functions is to lay out the boundaries for new buildings, especially temples, via the ceremony of “stretching the cord,” which was a method of using a cord or rope to measure out straight foundations for a building."  https://isiopolis.com/2014/07/13/oh-yes-more-nephthys/

 

The impactor of the Great Pyramid, ready to be released into the slope of the Grand Gallery. Of course, the impactor is not really visible like shown on the draw: the impactor is hidden inside the fixed wooden caisson.

 

The top platform of the Grand Gallery has a very specific design, because it is actually made of one single giant block that goes way after the south wall of the gallery towards the antechamber: the block is way bigger than what we can see of it, exactly like it is for the girdle stones of the inclined well.

The southern part of the block was under tremendous charge, due to the enormous above structure weight, that perfectly anchored the block. This particular design was necessary to resist the huge structural stress induced by the endless operating of both the Hauling beetle and the impactor.

Charles Rigano mentioned : "The single block forming the Step does not stop at the Gallery wall but extends an additional 66 inches* into the Ante Chamber".

* For Petrie, it was 64.90 inches. Source : The pyramids and temples of Gizeh. Antechamber and passages, section 47 (page 75). Petrie, W. M. Flinders (William Matthew Flinders), Sir, 1853-1942. https://archive.org/details/cu31924012038927/page/n113/mode/2up

 

 23.28  Aker is the glorification of the axle beam, the one who "bends and imprisons the coils of the snake"

It is known that the name Aker means "(one) who bends", and it is conceivable to imagine that the axle beam would indeed bend a lot. We've already seen that the beam was most probably made of Tamarix wood which is very resistant to tension.

That reference to the bending of Aker is easy to apprehend, and probably the reference to the imprisoned coils of the snake is simply referring to the winding of the ropes on the axle beam.

"More importantly, he imprisons the coils of the snake, Apophis (Apep), after it is hacked to pieces by Isis, and Aker could, along his back, provide a secure passage for the sun-god's boat as it traveled from west to east during the hours of the night." http://www.touregypt.net/godsofegypt/aker.htm

"The name Aker means '(one) who bends'". https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/aker/

God Aker (Akeru, plural), drawing by Jeff Dahl : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aker#/media/Fichier:Aker.svg

 

23.29  The "grasp of the Akeru" and the hazardous work reference about the winding of the ropes

Until now, we haven't discussed at all about the danger that were facing the crewmembers of the wooden beetle scarab. When they were inside the gantry, they most probably didn't risk anything : their work would have been excruciating but not that dangerous.

I suggested the idea that when the impactor was at the top of the gallery, ready to be released in the slope, the crewmembers first had to get the wooden gantry lifted back up as well, so that the entire crew would most probably be on the top platform just before releasing the impactor.

I also suggested that one crewmember on each ramp was on the top platform, hauling the ropes of the gantry while the 4 other crewmen, on each ramp, were pushing the beetle back up.

During these two phases of operating, crewmen would have been close to the axle beam while the ropes would have been winded on, and they would certainly have fear the danger of their hands being grasped by the ropes winding on the axle :

"Later the Egyptian priests created magical spells to protect ordinary mortals from the grasp of the Akeru, the primeval, lion earth gods." https://www.landofpyramids.org/aker.htm

"There was also a more threatening side to Aker that can be seen when he is pluralized as Akeru in the form of multiple earth gods. In passages from the Pyramid Texts, the Akeru are said not to seize the monarch, but later there is a general hope for everyone to escape the grasp of the earth gods." http://www.touregypt.net/godsofegypt/aker.htm

More on Aker, in Section 11 "The Hidden Hauling Cavern of the Underworld"

 

Api or Hapi (Apis, Taureau Consacré a la Lune)", 1823-25, by the French illustrator Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois, at the Brooklyn Museum: https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/archives/image/55326

"Poseidon" water coaster at Europa-Park, by Stefan Scheer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_ride#/media/File:Europapark_Poseidon.jpg

 

23.30  The Apis Bull is a representation of the impactor speeding in the Grand Gallery

I've been confused a long time about cows and bulls' meaning in the ancient Egyptian religion, probably because both have horns, and I associated them both with the ramming impactor.

But they are really different, even if they are complementary : while Bulls are about the power of the impactor, cows are about the power of the hauling.

Maybe the most beautiful representation of the impactor Bull I know of, is the one on the above image by the French illustrator Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois. I'm sure the scene looks cute, even if you don't know what it is all about; the Bull is magnificent and the snake as well. The whole image is perfect, there is both balance and power; ancient Egyptian illustrators really knew what they were doing.

But if you understand it, the scene is like exploding to your eyes; it becomes like a 3D image and even a 3D movie; because the scene is about a "raging" Bull speeding and projecting water all around him.

The Apis Bull is a metaphor, a representation of the impactor speeding within the slope of the Grand Gallery after its release. We've seen that the impactor was moving inside a fixed caisson that perfectly extended the inclined well inside the Gallery; and for the impactor to move, water had to be poured in the caisson, so that it could slide in the caisson.

It means that water was pushed ahead of the impactor, creating a wave in front of it; but it also means that water was projected behind its path, creating huge splashes like cars would do on a wet road, or like the boats of water coasters would do.

 

23.31  The Flail is all about projected water and with a directional arrow

Because the impactor is moving onto wooden boards covered with water to reduce the friction, water is violently pushed forward in front of Apis' front hooves : both hooves are pushing the snake's body forward. But water is also projected backwards, creating fabulous plumes of water in the path of the speeding impactor : the flail is these plumes of water, and if it looks "broken", it is only an artistic rendering of the idea of water projected backwards. The flail is exactly like a directional arrow, pointing towards where the water is coming from and in which direction it is projected to.

 

Relief at Wadi Hammamat showing that the flail symbol is all about water. Middle Kingdom Dynasty 11, Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II. Photographed by kairoinfo4u: https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/25932728632/in/photostream/

Stone relief at Wadi Hammamat, Dynasty 17 by kairoinfo4u: https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/25999304796/in/photostream/

Wooden coffin-shape base of a Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure, at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New-York. Dedicated to a temple musician named Ihet, it is inscribed with offering prayers and texts glorifying the gods: https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/553823

 

23.32  The wooden coffin made to fit Osiris exactly and thrown into the Nile

We've already seen in the Osiris myth (Section 21), that Osiris was the granite stone lodged inside the wooden impactor of the Great Pyramid :

"In the Osiris myth, Osiris was killed by Set by being tricked into a coffin made to fit Osiris exactly. Set then had the coffin with the now deceased Osiris flung into the Nile."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djed

In this excerpt, the mention of the Nile is of course referring to the waters of the inclined well which were indeed waters from the Nile. In some ways, the impactor was thrown into 'the Nile'.

On the above image of a Ptah-Sokar-Osiris figure at the MET, what is interesting to note is not really the hollowed cavity in which the human figure is normally inserted in, but the area all around this cavity : if there is no hieroglyphic text all around the cavity in a perfect rectangular shape, it is because what really is depicted is the original shape of the Osiris stone cavity

 

23.33  The "sacred chest containing a small golden coffer" in Osiris' worship are replicating the impactor's design

It is mentioned that, in honor of Osiris, "ceremonies were performed inside the temples by priests. Plutarch mentions that […] two days after the beginning of the festival "the priests bring forth a sacred chest containing a small golden coffer". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

The sacred chest containing a small golden coffin is the representation of the impactor containing the Osiris stone.

 

Bronze seated figure of Imhotep at the British Museum: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA40666

 

23.34  The boat race and the dual wooden and stone composite design of the impactor

The inspiration of the boat race in the next excerpt is clearly the dual composite design of the impactor, both in wood and in stone. Most probably the stone is made of granite, as this rock is the most valuable and the most shock resistant. 

"… the other gods were getting tired from over eighty years of fighting and challenges. Horus and Set challenged each other to a boat race, where they each raced in a boat made of stone. Horus and Set agreed, and the race started. But Horus had an edge: his boat was made of wood painted to resemble stone, rather than true stone. Set's boat, being made of heavy stone, sank, but Horus' did not. Horus then won the race, and Set stepped down and officially gave Horus the throne of Egypt." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horus

We'll talk later on about these 80 years of 'challenge' in paragraph 23.34

 

23.35  The 'creator of everything' god Ra

I really got confused about Sun god Ra, because of his Solar barque. I knew that this barque, the Solar boat or Solar barge was representing the endless cycle of the impactor's operation inside the Grand Gallery, but I've always wondered who really was Ra representing himself; until I realized that they was no such thing as Ra and his Solar barque: Ra is the barque. Ra is the impactor, the one piece of equipment of the Great Pyramid that pressurized the inclined well and the one piece of equipment that created the evaporative cold, because of the power of the Osiris stone.

In other words, Ra was the primary god who created everything :

"Ra (Re) was the primary name of the sun god of Ancient Egypt. He was often considered to be the King of the Gods and thus the patron of the pharaoh and one of the central gods of the Egyptian pantheon. He was also described as the creator of everything."  https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/ra/

 

Banebdjedet wielding a scepter of the Was-sceptre, Djed, and Ankh. From the Tomb of Mentuherkhepeshef in the Valley of the Kings. Photograph thanks to kairoinfo4u: https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/3331554556/in/photostream/

 

23.36  Osiris as Ram-headed Banebdjedet is the one who is giving life, power and force to Ra

The idea that Osiris (i.e. the granite stone weight), 'merged' with Ra in the Underworld (i.e. who was inserted into Ra, the impactor), and that it is him, Osiris who actually gave all his force and power to Sun god Ra (i.e.his potential energy), is actually perfectly depicted into Banebdjed, the soul of Osiris, or rather his Ba which had been associated with the ram.

And there is the ramming metaphor I've been using all along. The power of Ra comes from the power of Osiris, and it is about the force and the power of a ram : both Ra and Osiris were ramming into the inclined well waters.

 

"Osiris' soul, or rather his Ba, was occasionally worshipped in its own right, almost as if it were a distinct god […] This aspect of Osiris was referred to as Banebdjedet. […] As Banebdjed, Osiris was given epithets such as Lord of the Sky and Life of the (sun god) Ra."

"Ba does not mean "soul" in the western sense, and has to do with power, reputation, force of character, especially in the case of a god. Since the ba was associated with power, and also happened to be a word for ram in Egyptian, Banebdjed was depicted as a ram, or as Ram-headed."  Osiris "Ram god": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

Ram fighting on Wikimedia Commons thanks to Brahim Djelloul Mustapha:  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ram_fighting

 

Le réveil d'Osiris (the Awakening of Osiris) at the Exposition Osiris, Institut du Monde Arabe, by Denis and Gautier Poupeau

Skeleton infographic by the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation: https://www.ibsf.org/en/our-sports/skeleton-info-graphics

 

23.37  The force and power that Osiris is giving to Ra is all about his high-speed 'skeleton position'

If you don't know what really was representing Osiris, there is very little chance that you can understand his 'awakening' face-down and head-first riding position. But if you know that Osiris was a metaphoric glorification of the stone weight that was giving speed and energy to Ra, the impactor that was ramming into the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, then you can understand his very peculiar 'skeleton position' and why he also has rams' horns.

The Osiris granite weight was the one which gave speed and energy to the wooden impactor, but this Osiris stone couldn't have been operated without the wooden impactor : there had to be a 'vessel' for the Osiris stone. The wooden impactor, Ra was this vessel.

 

If Ra is represented into a falcon, it is because of its speed and the way it is hitting its prey at high velocity : "The peregrine falcon is renowned for its speed, reaching up to 320 km/h (200 mph) during its characteristic hunting stoop (high-speed dive), making the peregrine falcon the fastest member of the animal kingdom." Ra, as a falcon is all about this high-speed dive and the force of the impact with its prey.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falcon

Ra-Horakhty is a combined deity of Horus and Ra, and is usually depicted as a falcon-headed man. Draw by Jeff Dahl: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra#/media/File:Re-Horakhty.svg

Photograph of a high-speed diving falcon by Lassannn, on imgur and also at  https://www.facebook.com/wildlifeatrisk/photos/a.442972959170883/1593597324108435/

 

23.38  The high-speed that Osiris is giving to Ra is all about the force of impact ramming

If Ra is represented into a falcon, it is because of its high speed and the way it is hitting its prey at high velocity : "The peregrine falcon is renowned for its speed, reaching up to 320 km/h (200 mph) during its characteristic hunting stoop (high-speed dive), making the peregrine falcon the fastest member of the animal kingdom." 

Ra, as a falcon is all about this high-speed dive and the force of the impact with its prey. The below images are coming from a video where a prairie falcon is hitting a duck at about 90 km/h. On the right image, the falcon is long gone but the duck is already dead : the impact alone killed it.

 

Prairie falcons are famous for their hard-hitting hunting tactics. Here a wild juvenile female finishes off a drake mallard with a high-speed headshot. Analysis of the video tells us she's moving close to 90km/h when she hits the mallard. Prairie falcons frequently employ this hunting method when dealing with field-feeding waterfowl. The duck is heavier and stronger, therefore the ground struggle is minimized when the smaller falcon delivers a knockout punch. Screenshots from a video posted by falcorusticolus77 on YouTube (contains shocking images): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73OvZ_l35Sw

 

23.39  The impactor ramming into the inclined well waters (Nun) to produce pressurized water (Apep)

I've already talked about the distinction that has to be made between the waters of the well before the pressurization and the pressurized waters strictly speaking.

The 'plain still' waters had been glorified into what have been called the primordial waters of Nun, while the pressurized waters had been represented into the Great Serpent Apep (also Apophis).

"At the beginning of time, when there was nothing but chaos, the sun-god existed alone in the watery mass of Nun which filled the universe. "I am Atum when he was alone in Nun, I am Ra when he dawned, when he began to rule that which he had made. This passage talks about how Atum created everything in human form out of the chaos."

Once the well is pressurized, a small amount of that water is ejected into the horizontal cooling passage, and that is Atum : about 200 liters of pressurized water which every 15 minutes or so passes through the fog nozzle to create a fog of microdroplets of liquid water. This very particular form of water had been glorified into goddess Tefnut (Tef, or 'tf', meaning to spit, Section 5).

"He (Ra) created Shu, god of air, and the goddess of moisture, Tefnut." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra

The above excerpt is by the way, another confirmation that the purpose of the impactor was not limited to produce pressurized water, just like the "awakening" Osiris figure already have suggested it (previous Section 21).

If Ra is the one creating Shu, the god of dry and warm air, it is because the fall of the impactor is taking place inside a fixed wooden caisson that was perfectly extending the inclined well, probably to the top of the Grand Gallery.

 

Khepri, an ancient Egyptian deity often represented with the head of a beetle. Based on New Kingdom tomb paintings and drawn by Jeff Dahl: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khepri

Image of the dung beetle, thanks to Kay-africa

 

23.40  The reattachment of the impactor with the Hauling Beetle "at the twelfth hour"

In the day and night  metaphoric representation of the operating cycle of the impactor, it is interesting to note that at the twelfth hour, Ra is "reborn as the scarab Khepri" : this is the beginning of a new cycle of Hauling and releasing the impactor.

And this is amazing, because not only it is the description of the impactor being retrieved from the waters of the well, but it is also describing its reattachment with the Hauling Beetle.

When I started to call the Hauling gantry, the Hauling "Beetle" it was only because it would have move backwards down the Grand Gallery, like a scarab does when he is pushing his dung ball; but here this is the confirmation that the Scarab amulets are representations of that Hauling gantry.

"The worship of the Egyptian God Ra was at its peak during the New Kingdom. Many of the tombs in the Valley of the Kings (dating from this period) included depictions of Ra’s journey through the underworld over twelve “hours” or stages. In the fifth hour, Ra dies and is reunited with Osiris in the underworld, but in the twelfth hour he is reborn as the scarab (Khepri)."  https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/ra/

 

Egyptian Old Kingdom Dynasties: https://discoveringegypt.com/ancient-egyptian-kings-queens/egyptian-old-kingdom-dynasties/

 

23.41  The 80 years of mythological trials vs. the 78 years of the great pyramids Era (Djoser to Khufu)

One of the most interesting question that would have to be resolved in the future, will be to determine, as much as possible, whose pharaoh was responsible for every step of scientific and technological discoveries which ended up with the masterpiece of engineering that is the Great Pyramid of Giza.

We can assume that it all started with the very first Dynasty, but it is legitimate to say that everything could really have gotten serious with pharaoh Djoser, from the Third Dynasty, and the construction of the first real pyramid, the Step Pyramid.

Djoser would be the pharaoh who started the most ambitious technological research program since the beginning of what we can call the Engineer Pharaohs' Era; and probably what triggered this acceleration in the research could have been the quest for the mastering of the Solvay process for natron manufacturing.

But, the one pharaoh who really massively invested in the program was Sneferu with his 3 pyramids. Most probably, Sneferu is the one who also ended the research phase, and it is logical to imagine that it also was the end of his own reign around 2589 B.C.E.

Djoser's reign and the first pyramid started around 2667 B.C.E and Sneferu's reign ended up around 2589 B.C.E. That would be 78 years of research, that would have most probably been dedicated to the Solvay process alone.

Amazingly, there is a myth about Horus and Set, that is referring to 80 years of conflict, and 80 years of trials : "These contests go on for over 80 years and Ra continues to deny Horus his right to the throne […] In another version of the story, the trial lasts for 80 years until the frustrated gods turn to the wise goddess Neith, mediator of disputes, who rules in favor of Horus."  https://www.worldhistory.org/Horus/

What are the chances that these 80 years of trials are or aren't referring to this 78 years of Egypt history from the beginning of Djoser's reign to the end of Sneferu's? Go figure…

But this would be a formidable confirmation that the Great Pyramid was just the next step : Sneferu finished the research program on the Solvay process, and Khufu would have taken over to put everything together in one single gigantic pyramid where the Solvay chambers would have been finally efficiently cooled down; exactly what couldn't have been achieved in the Red Pyramid (Section 14 and 15).

Of course, if we are interested in the total duration of the Engineer Pharaoh's Era, it would be 534 years from the beginning of Dynasty I, to the end of Khufu's reign (3100 B.C.E. to 2566 B.C.E.).

 

Diagram of the Great Pyramid of Egypt in operation for evaporative cold production, most probably for industrial cooling of Solvay process manufacturing of sodium carbonate (natron) and sodium bicarbonate

 

23.42  Summary of the study: hidden behind the academic vision of the ancient Egyptian religion, a vast number of metaphors are describing some of the most advanced science and technological knowledge of that time : ancient Egyptian gods were nothing else than pharaohs' metaphoric self-glorifications of their theoretical and experimental scientific accomplishments in physics and chemistry.

Pharaohs used the power of Science to legitimate themselves as kings of Egypt : they forged an entire religion, based on science to rule their kingdom, and they presented that science as Magic.

The end game of this technological program that probably started on the very first Dynasty, was the Great Pyramid of Giza where evaporative cooling was engineered in the known part of the pyramid from the pressurized water produced in the inclined well, known today as the ascending passage.

The evaporative cold simply took advantage of the power of water, and was most probably necessary to cool down chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate produced by an ammonia-soda Solvay process, as suggested by the very strong ammonia smell and the limestone kiln in the so-called burial chamber of the Red Pyramid. At that time, sodium carbonate was called natron, and it was the salt used for the mummification of the pharaohs (Sections 14, 15 and 16).

The cooling seems to have represented the most difficult part of the process, as suggested by the Step Pyramid's official name : according to scholars, the very first pyramid complex, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, was called "the refreshment of the Gods". No doubt that a more accurate translation would certainly be "the cooling of the Gods".

It means that ancient Egyptians were the first civilization to master a Solvay-like process for sodium carbonate manufacturing, long before it got reinvented in the 1800's in Europe. The key elements of that process is the temperature control of the chemical reactions (the cooling), and the dome shaped plate necessary for the counterflow chemical reactions to occur in an efficient way. That counterflow reaction plate is what really is the disc of Sabu.

As shown with Akhenaten and Nefertiti, the creation of the evaporative cold was the most sacred accomplishment of all (Section 17), and this is exactly what the Dendera Light is all about : the Dendera Light is the fog of microdroplets of liquid water that evaporates and creates the cold. Talking about the snake inside the Dendera Light Bulb : "The field surrounding Ra’s snake form is referred to in ancient Egyptian literature as protective magical energy in liquid form that all gods and pharaohs possess" (Faulkner, Section 2).

Everything that had been done in the Great Pyramid of Giza inspired most of the ancient Egyptian religion, and it had been glorified into what we know today as the Underworld.

The Underworld is referring to the chambers and passages of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and in particular to the Grand Gallery where a hauling gantry beetle operated a wooden coffin shaped impactor that had a small nested granite block inside it. The impactor generated endlessly, over and over, maybe every 15 minutes the pressurized water that was then transformed into a fog of microdroplets inside the horizontal cooling passage.

The Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid where the act of hauling was done, is the "Secret Hauling Cavern of the Underworld" described in the Amduat "Book of the Hidden Chamber".

The most important chamber of the Great Pyramid wasn't the King's chamber that only was the main water tank of the pyramid, but the Queen's chamber, the only one on the central axis of the pyramid. Because the Queen's chamber was inaccessible from the rest of the pyramid, it was glorified into the "Hidden Chamber of the Underworld" (Section 11), and because the Queen's chamber was the coolest place in the pyramid (about 5°C / 41°F), and with a constant 100% Humidity rate, this chamber was the one where the biggest amount of very hard salt encrustation had been documented by the first explorers of the pyramid in the 1800's and before it had been removed in 1998 by Zahi Hawass (Section 1). Very hard salt encrustation is the signature of the evaporative cooling process, even nowadays.

The most incredible thing is that pretty much everything I've just said, actually appears in many myths, and they don't even originate from ancient Egypt : the "Churning of the Ocean" Hindu myth that produces the immortal nectar Amrita, the Tibetan Prayer Wheels operated to give small amounts of 'merit' to too lazy Naga snakes, and the entire Norse mythology with Thor's magical hammer endlessly fighting another Great Serpent of the Underworld and producing a mist of cold from a mysterious well that would be opposed to hellishly hot heat waves.

I'm talking a lot about the impactor of the Great Pyramid, but it is nothing compared to the tremendous impact caused by what the ancient Egyptians had accomplished within the 78 years of the Great Pyramids Era, from Djoser to the Great Pyramid: the entire ancient World had been shaken up in their deepest beliefs beyond all comprehension; and we are still talking about it today.

 

Detail of an image from the ARCE (American Research Center in Egypt in partnership with the American University in Cairo Egyptology Department), in the tomb of Rameses III, KV 11: side chamber, right wall. Valley of the Kings, East Valley, West Bank, Luxor. Image #21077 by Matjaz Kacicnik, taken on December 2005 : https://thebanmappingproject.com/index.php/images/21077jpg

 

23.43  Ptah the patron of craftsmen and architects because of the inclined well design

As the representation of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, the creator god Ptah has been identified with the patron of craftsmen and architects.

The well was the most advanced piece of equipment ever built, in some ways it could be compared to a modern engine cylinder, and the impactor to the piston of that engine. The structural integrity of the well was ensured by the 14 Girdle stones that probably are the biggest blocks of the pyramid, even bigger than the top platform of the Grand Gallery.

But this particular aspect of the engineering of the well was minor : there are only 3 girdles in the upper part of the well; and the impactor certainly didn't go much farther down.

All the other face to face Girdles at the bottom of the well were only there to ensure that the draining of the well wouldn't be jeopardized by the constraints supported by the structure. This part can be compared to modern reinforced concrete : nothing could have been allowed to move even an inch so that the Taweret block could free the drain hole. The Taweret block absolutely needed to slide freely towards the 'Savior' shock absorber granite plug #2.

Please, take just one minute to imagine the whole thing : the Bes block had to break under a precise amount of pressure to let the Taweret block slide with the water… then the tremendous sound when Taweret hits the Savior block… and the sound of all that water gushing out of the well into the Al-Ma'mun cavity.

No wonder Ptah had been identified with the patron of craftsmen and architects and was linked with Imhotep, sometimes himself represented on the Osiris' stone weight.

"Ptah (Ancient Egyptian: pth) is an ancient Egyptian deity, a creator god and patron of craftsmen and architects. In the triad of Memphis, he is the husband of Sekhmet and the father of Nefertem. He was also regarded as the father of the sage Imhotep."

 

Statue of god Ptah, photographed by kairoinfo4u: https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/26774477850/in/photostream/

"Ptah, in the form of a mummified man (except for arms and face) standing on the symbol for Ma'at, holding a scepter or staff that bears the combined ankh-djed-was symbols" and drawing of the Creation god Ptah by Jeff Dahl on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptah

Photograph from tomb KV 11 of Ramesses III, side chamber, image # 21076 by Matjaz Kacicnik, courtesy of ARCE, American Research Center in Egypt in partnership with the American University in Cairo Egyptology Department: https://thebanmappingproject.com/images/21076jpg

 

More on the ancient Egyptian god of Creation Ptah, in previous Sections 21 (Tibetan Prayer Wheels) and Section 22 (Thor and Norse mythology)

 

23.44  Ptah's hollow scepter is the inclined well representation

In the above image and in most of his representations, Ptah is holding a blue and yellow scepter or staff that bears the combined ankh, djed and was symbols.

This blue and yellow 'staff' is actually the representation of the inclined well of the pyramid, and the reason why the ankh, djed and was symbols seem to be nested into that 'staff' is only to indicate that it is hollow : the 'staff' is the inclined well and the dotted blue line is about the movement of water .

The representation of the well held by Ptah is always in a perfect vertical position, but its true nature is shown in the tomb of Ramesses III : it has pretty much the same slope than the Grand Gallery/ascending passage layout.

 

23.45  The design of the fog nozzle of the Great Pyramid of Egypt

First suggestion of the design of the eleven mouth-holes fog nozzle of the Great Pyramid of Egypt, based on the eleven rivers from the well of Élivágar of the Norse mythology.

 

The ancient Egyptian Shabaka Stone which record the 'Memphite Theology' or creation myth, a text perhaps originally composed during the New Kingdom, in which Ptah is responsible for the creation of all things by means of the spoken word. The Shabaka Stone at the British Museum: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA498

 

23.46  The ancient Egyptian Shabaka stone and the 11 lines

 It really has to be pointed out that when ancient Egyptians used the term "creation", it isn't referring to the creation of the world. "Creation" is about the evaporative cold, created from the primordial waters of Nun, the waters of the well.

It means that creator god Ptah is about this creation of the cold, and that the Shabaka stone is also referring to that creation; if there are 11 lines separated from the central rectangular shape, it also has to refer to that creation.

 

23.47  Norse mythology vs. the operating of the Great Pyramid of Egypt

Everything in Norse mythology is a complete reinterpretation of the operating of the Great Pyramid of Egypt (previous Section 22).

 

23.48  The limits of the fog nozzle with 11 mouth-holes hypothesis

I strongly have to point out that the hypothesis of an eleven mouth-holes fog nozzle is clearly highly questionable, because it is only coming from the Norse Eleven Rivers coming out of the Well of  Hvergelmir that are creating the mist of cold in Niflheim.

Anyway, the idea of flooding entirely the space at the entry of the ascending passage, just below the junction ramp Grand Gallery/Ascending Passage, could be a solid hypothesis, even it would rule out the idea of a central pipe, as represented on the Nefertem emblems at the Louvre Museum.

Nefertum at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New-York: https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/551300

Nefertem Emblem, inventory number N 5118 © Musée du Louvre / Christian Décamps: https://collections.louvre.fr/ark:/53355/cl010008518

 

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Guests from Overseas (1901) by Nicholas Roerich, depicting a Viking raid : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_expansion

Rorik of Dorestad, the Viking ruler of Frisia between 839 and 875. "Teutonic Myth and Legend" : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frisian_freedom

 

22.02  The Viking expansion to North Africa, Arabia, Central Asia, Iran and the Caucasus

I understand that most people will think I'm gone completely crazy : I've already said that the Great Pyramid wasn't a tomb, but some kind of gigantic refrigerator and that this refrigerator made such an impression on the ancient World that the Hindus, the Tibetan and the Maoris in New-Zealand decided to appropriate the concept to make a brand new mythology of their own. And now, the Vikings !

The thing is that it really did happened this way; the Great Pyramid had influenced the entire ancient World and was the origin of dozens and dozens of myths in and outside Egyptian boundaries.

If you think that Vikings were way too far from Egypt to have been influenced in such a way, you are mistaken.

Most people think that the seas are barriers to expansion, but it actually is the opposite : seas are today, and were in the ancient World as well, extraordinary ways of communication. It was slower and more dangerous, but it was all there was. Norsemen 'discovered' America about 500 years before Christopher Columbus and they travelled as far as North Africa, Arabia and Central Asia.

"Viking expansion was the historical movement which led Norse explorers, traders and warriors, the latter known in modern scholarship as Vikings, to sail most of the North Atlantic, reaching south as far as North Africa and east as far as Russia, and through the Mediterranean as far as Constantinople and the Middle East, acting as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_expansion

 

Viking raids and settlements from 793 to 1066 AD : https://i.imgur.com/5tOGYjX.png

 

"The well-known Harald Hardrada would also serve the Byzantine emperor in Palestine as well as raiding North Africa, the Middle East as far east as Armenia, and the island of Sicily in the 11th century, as recounted in his saga in Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla."

"Evidence for Norse ventures into Arabia and Central Asia can be found in runestones erected in Scandinavia by the relatives of fallen Viking adventurers. Several of these refer to men who died in "Serkland".

"Ingvar the Far-Travelled led expeditions to Iran and the Caucasus between 1036 and 1042. His travels are recorded on the Ingvar runestones. […] Around 1036, Varangians appeared near the village of Bashi on the Rioni River, to establish a permanent[clarification needed] settlement of Vikings in Georgia. The Georgian Chronicles described them as 3,000 men who had traveled from Scandinavia through present-day Russia, rowing down the Dnieper River and across the Black Sea. King Bagrat IV welcomed them to Georgia and accepted some of them into the Georgian army; several hundred Vikings fought on Bagrat's side at the Battle of Sasireti in 1042."

"Meanwhile, in the Eastern Mediterranean the Norse (referred to as Rus') were viewed more as "merchant-warriors" who were primarily associated with trade and business." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_expansion

 

The mention 'the Great Hall' inside 'the Largest building ever erected' about Thor's land, has to be taken literally : the Great Pyramid of Egypt was indeed the Largest building ever erected; and Norsemen couldn't but know about it.

Original image of the Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid of Egypt at Giza, built by pharaoh Khufu, from page 52 of "The call of the stars; a popular introduction to a knowledge of the starry skies with their romance and legend" (1919) by Kippax, John R. (John Robert), 1849-1922 : https://www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14597229618/

 

22.02  Thor's 'Great Hall' in 'the Largest building ever erected' is the Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid of Egypt

We've already seen that Hindu mythology was a lot more willing to describe what really was happening in the Great Pyramid than ancient Egyptian themselves, and this is the same thing here with the Norse mythology. The description of the land of Thor is mentioning the 'largest building ever erected' and a 'Great Hall in the sky' : the myth is talking about the Great Pyramid and the Grand Gallery that was so high that it looked like it was in the sky.

It is important to know that Norsemen travelled to the Mediterranean sea and that they either see the Great Pyramid themselves or they've been told about it. But knowing that in ancient times, Egypt was the center of the world, it is very hard to imagine that Norsemen didn't had the opportunity and the interest to go there for business.

They'd seen it and most probably they'd visited it as well : pharaohs of the time wouldn't have pass the occasion to show off and impress Norsemen with the Great Pyramid.

"Thrudvangar (‘Power Field’ or ‘Power Plain’) the land that belongs to Thor and his Hall Bliskirnir, is mentioned specifically by King Gylfi in the Gylfaginning, it is described as being the largest of buildings ever erected." https://asatruassembly.wordpress.com/2013/10/01/halls-of-the-norse-gods/

"Thor was thought to have ruled the sky from his land of Thrudvangar (“Power-Field” or “Plains of Strength”) where he built his great hall of Bilskírnir, a palace of 540 rooms." https://www.worldhistory.org/Thor/

 

The Great Serpent isn't spitting venom, but something that looks like air. My guess is that it really is air, but cold air and that is this cold air produced by the Great Serpent that is responsible for the ice/snow on the foreground of the image. Hammered down by Thor, the snake is producing cold.

 

22.03  Both Norse and Egyptian Great Serpents are causing thunder and rumble : they have the same origin 

If in both cases, the fights with the Great Serpents are causing 'terrifying roars' and are associated with thunders and water Of course, it is because the descent of the impactor into the slope of the Grand Gallery would have cause a 'terrifying roar' because the crash into the waters of the well, would also have caused the structure to tremble and water from the well being projected like tides were created.

It is absolutely impossible that two so different cultures would have come up with the exact same myth about relentlessly fighting a Great Serpent representing evil, thunder, rumble and earthquakes if they weren't connected one way or the other. The connection is the Great Pyramid, the 'Largest building ever erected' of the Norse mythology.

 

• About Thor and the Norse Great Serpent Jörmungandr :

"Thor’s name was the Germanic word for thunder, and it was the thunderbolt that was represented by his hammer, the attribute most commonly associated with him.

"The majority of the tales featuring Thor, in fact, put him in conflict with a giant or with his nemesis the Midgard Serpent (Jörmungandr, the “huge monster”), a monstrous snake who coils and twists itself around the world"

"Thor  is a prominent god in Germanic paganism. In Norse mythology, he is a hammer-wielding god associated with lightning, thunder, storms, sacred groves and trees…" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor

" Thor is closely associated with water in many of the myths"

"Thor was said to burst forth from his great hall in his chariot, drawn by two male goats […] The roar of thunder was the rumble of Thor's chariot's wheels across the vault of the heavens and, in another story, he is credited with creating tides." https://www.worldhistory.org/Thor/

 

• About the ancient Egyptian Great Serpent Apep :

"It was thought that his terrifying roar would cause the underworld to rumble… Apep's movements were thought to cause earthquakes, and his battles with Set may have been meant to explain the origin of thunderstorms." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apep

"Apophis is associated with earthquakes, thunder, darkness, storms, and death."

"No matter how many times Apophis was defeated and killed, he always rose again to life and attacked the sun god's boat.

"The sun was Ra's great barge which sailed through the sky from dawn to dusk and then descended into the underworld."

"In a text known as the Book of Gates, the goddesses Isis, Neith, and Serket, assisted by other deities, capture Apophis and restrain him in nets held down by monkeys, the sons of Horus, and the great earth god Geb, where he is then chopped into pieces; the next night, though, the serpent is whole again and waiting for the barge of the sun when it enters the underworld." https://www.worldhistory.org/Apophis/

 

Draw of the fight between the ancient Egyptian god Set and Apep, the Great Serpent of the Underworld : https://www.mygodpictures.com/apep-and-seth-imageapep-and-seth-image/

Original image of the draw : "Représentation de la barque solaire de Rê tirée par des chacals et des serpent. L'embarcation est attaquée par le serpent Apophis mais ce dernier est transpercé par Seth". Papyrus funéraire de Hérouben. Soutekh67 on Wikipedia : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Barque_solaire_contre_Apopi.jpg

 

22.04  The unbroken bones of the two goats of Thor's chariot in the Great Hall

In the following part of the myth, many things are pointing to the operating of the Hauling Beetle : the two goats because of the ramming metaphor and the fact that the Hauling Beetle was actually designed in two connected parts, one on the eastern ramp and the other one on the opposite western ramp; the unbroken bones that are referring to the wooden structure of the half-Beetles; the roar of thunder and the rumble of the chariot moving at high speed and creating tides because of the ramming of the impactor inside the waters of the inclined well; and the Great vaulted Hall to depict the Grand Gallery where the Hauling of the impactor was done.

"Thor was said to burst forth from his great hall in his chariot, drawn by two male goats – Tanngnjóstr (Tooth Gnasher) and Tanngrísnir (Snarl Tooth) – who could be killed and eaten by the god and then brought back to life the next day as long as their bones remained unbroken. The roar of thunder was the rumble of Thor's chariot's wheels across the vault of the heavens and, in another story, he is credited with creating tides." https://www.worldhistory.org/Thor/

 

"In the Osiris myth, Osiris was killed by Set by being tricked into a coffin made to fit Osiris exactly. Set then had the coffin with the now deceased Osiris flung into the Nile." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djed

"… the other gods were getting tired from over eighty years of fighting and challenges. Horus and Set challenged each other to a boat race, where they each raced in a boat made of stone. Horus and Set agreed, and the race started. But Horus had an edge: his boat was made of wood painted to resemble stone, rather than true stone. Set's boat, being made of heavy stone, sank, but Horus' did not. Horus then won the race, and Set stepped down and officially gave Horus the throne of Egypt." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horus

 

 

22.05  Thor can't use his magical Hammer without both the belt and two gloves : they are an inseparable unit

Everybody knows about Thor's magical Hammer that is every time getting back to him after the throw : it is a perfect metaphor of the functioning of the impactor, that came back to its initial position after each release from the top of the Grand Gallery.

We've seen that this impactor was moving inside the central gutter of the Gallery, and that the Hauling Beetle hauled it back to the upper part of the Gallery using a central rope. When the Beetle moved down the Gallery towards the entry of the inclined well, the central rope towed the impactor in response. The direction of rotation of the towing axle beam was maybe clockwise (previous Section).

That central rope is the second magical item of Thor : the belt of strength which doubled his strength when he wore it.

The last two magical items of Thor, the 'iron gloves' are most certainly the eastern and western connected half-Hauling Beetles.

"Thor had three magical items which helped him defend Asgard and Midgard: his hammer Mjollnir, his belt of strength Megingjörð (which doubled his strength when he wore it), and his great iron gloves which he needed to wield his hammer." https://www.worldhistory.org/Thor/

We still have to find what metaphors have been chosen to represent the axle beam and the latch bolts in the Norse mythology.

 

Correct position of the "Jörmungandr rising to the ox head bait". Original image at : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jörmungandr

 

22.06  The incorrect posture of the Great Serpent : the 'bait' is not a real bait, it is the impactor's head

As suggested by the writing on the drawing of the Great Serpent Jörmungandr from a 17th-century Icelandic manuscript (top left corner text), we are obviously 'encouraged' to think that the Serpent is supposed to be in a vertical position, ready to eat the 'falling' bait.

But this is the academic vision of the scene; because at the same time, the position of his body is telling us the opposite : the Serpent is actually supposed to be represented in a very natural horizontal posture.

It means that the drawing's correct position is to be horizontal, and that this is no real bait.

Everything about Thor is regarding to the hammering/ramming/pounding of the impactor into the inclined well waters, and the horizontal position of the 'bait' is actually representing that impactor. The 'bait' is the head of an ox, because of the ramming metaphor into the inclined well waters.

The ox head 'bait' is the impactor's head (the stone in Thor's head) and the 'fishing leader' connected to it is the hauling rope of the impactor (Thor's magical belt).

 

22.07  The Fishing Trip Churning waters and the poison spewed by the hammered down Great Serpent

Because the Fishing trip in which Thor is 'trying to catch and kill the Great Serpent Jörmungandr, his name is pronounced Your-mun-gander (also given as Jormungand and meaning "huge monster" or "great beast"), is actually the Norse reinterpretation of the pressurization of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, it no surprise that are appearing in the Fishing trip story, the two major elements of that pressurization : the head of the ox as a representation of the impactor (again, the same ramming metaphor) and the same 'churning waters' as the ones we've already discussed about in the 'Churning of the Ocean Hindu myth' Section 19

Churning water is precisely what was doing the impactor into the inclined well waters.

In the Fishing trip, is also represented metaphorically the small amount of pressurized water ejected from the well : Thor's Hammer (the hammering of the water) is causing the Great Serpent to spew poison from his mouth. The poison is the pressurized water.

"On a fishing trip which seems to begin innocently enough, Thor turns it into an expedition to catch and kill Jörmungandr. In this story […] Thor goes fishing on a large boat with the giant Hymir. When Hymir refuses to offer Thor any bait, the thunder god lops the head off Hymir’s largest ox and affixes it to his hook. […]  Hymir and Thor wait in the boat, and just as Thor had hoped, Jörmungandr takes the bait. Thor hauls the serpent from the sea and reaches for his hammer to kill it while Jörmungandr spews poison from his mouth as he writhes on Thor’s hook. Thor draws the serpent closer in the churning waters, and the boat seems close to capsizing when Hymir, fearing for his life, leans forward and cuts Thor’s line. Jörmungandr dives beneath the surface and escapes"  https://www.worldhistory.org/Jormungandr/

 

 

22.08  The release of the impactor and the central rope disconnection

It will be very challenging in the next following years to come as close as possible to the real operating of the Hauling Beetle and its fine relationship with the  impactor, but there is one thing which I've already discussed a few times in previous Sections, and it is about the release of the impactor : I don’t see how the impactor would have gain speed and energy inside the central gutter of the Gallery (inside its wooden fixed caisson), with the central rope still attached.

In my opinion, the rope had to be disconnected with the impactor before its release, and it probably is what Hymir is referring to when he is "cutting Thor's Line" : "Thor draws the serpent closer in the churning waters, and the boat seems close to capsizing when Hymir, fearing for his life, leans forward and cuts Thor’s line."

 

Evaporative cooling applications webpage screenshot : AquaFog® from Jaybird Manufacturing Inc (Pennsylvania, USA)

 

22.09  Ginnungagap, where extreme Heat meets a mist of icy Cold is about the Queen's chamber of the Great Pyramid

The following excerpt is describing what was happening inside the Queen's chamber of the Great Pyramid (the 'Hidden chamber' of the ancient Egyptian Underworld).

Because the evaporative cold was created inside the horizontal passage and the overheating of the Solvay chemical reactions was in open air on the 'flat roof' of the unfinished Great Pyramid, the cold exchanger had to be located inside the Queen's chamber : the closest to where the cold was created and the farthest to where the heat was coming from.

Ginnungagap, the "Yawning Void", the place where "the heat of Muspelheim melted Niflheim’s frost" is a reinterpretation of the Queen's chamber.

"According to Norse cosmogony, the dawn of time was dominated by Ginnungagap—the “Yawning Void.” As time wore on, the fires of Muspelheim and the ices of Niflheim encroached on Ginnungagap. Slowly but surely, the heat of Muspelheim melted Niflheim’s frost, and the vapors coalesced into Ymir, the first giant. The melting ice also revealed a cow, Audumla, who nursed Ymir and fed on the salty blocks of ice."  https://mythopedia.com/topics/muspelheim

 

22.10  The salty blocks of ice and the salt encrustations of the evaporative cooling process

The phrase "The melting ice also revealed a cow, Audumla, who nursed Ymir and fed on the salty blocks of ice." is outstanding, because it is talking about ice and salt.

We've seen in Section 1 "The evaporative cold", that the main problem of the process is the salt encrustations; but a question remains : when it is mentioning "ice", is it another metaphor of the "frosting cold", or could it be a genuine information?

I've already discussed the fact that ancient Egyptians didn't just mastered adiabatic evaporative cold,  their process wasn't adiabatic at all : the air that was pushed by the fall of the impactor inside the fixed wooden caisson that perfectly 'extended' the inclined well, that air pressurized both the evaporative passage and the Queen's chamber.

If you pressurize the air, you have more air in the same volume and you can force more water into that air.

How more efficient it is in theory, and how cold could have really get the Queen's chamber, that is the question.

 

Here is a description of the fog of microdroplets after its creation, progressively moving forward into the horizontal passage and either created ice, or more probably salt deposits :

"According to the Prose Edda, a great time before the earth was made, Niflheim existed. Inside Niflheim was a well called Hvergelmir, from this well flowed numerous streams known as the Élivágar. After a time these streams had traveled sufficiently far from their source in Niflheim, that the venom that flowed within them hardened and turned to ice. When this ice eventually settled, rain rose up from it, and froze into rime. This ice then began to layer itself over the primordial void, Ginnungagap. This made the northern portion of Ginungagap thick with ice, and storms begin to form within."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muspelheim

 

Thor fishing for the Midgard Serpent in an illustration from an 18th-century Icelandic manuscript : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6rmungandr#/media/File:Thor_and_Hymir.jpg

The creation of Brahma. In Vaishnava Puranic scriptures, Brahma emerges on a lotus from Vishnu's navel as Vishnu (Mahavishnu) creates the cosmic cycle. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma#/media/File:Sheshashayi_Vishnu.jpg

 

22.11  Jörmungandr's spewed venom is the pressurized water and is represented in multi-headed snakes

The relentless hammering down of the inclined well waters of the Great Pyramid produce indefinitely about 200 liters of pressurized water. The multi-headed serpents and the Mehen board games are a representation of this infinite sequential production of pressurized water.

I apologize in advance but I have to show the same images that I've already used many times about the representations of the sequential ejections of pressurized water used by ancient Egyptian themselves, and that we can also find today in the Hindu and Norse mythology.

This sequential ejection of about 200 liters of pressurized water is the key of everything : it results of the operating of the Hauling Beetle/impactor unit, and it is necessary to produce the fog (or mist) of micro droplets of liquid water that would evaporate and create the fog/mist of evaporative cold.

Ancient Egyptians used a very simple metaphor to represent this process : because the small amount of pressurized water originated into the inclined well, and because these pressurized waters had been represented into the Great Serpent Apep, then the small amount of pressurized water ejected from that well would be represented into small snakes.

In Egypt, this process about the multiple ejection of water had been represented essentially with the Great Mehen Serpent which is represented cut multiple times in tiny pieces; and in Hindu mythology we have the same Great Serpent on which Vishnu is sited on, showing multiple heads for the same reason.

In Norse mythology, the same metaphor is also used. In the above image of Thor hammering down the Great Serpent Jörmungandr, like in his Hindu counterpart, the Serpent is represented into the water, because he really is water. And because Thor is hammering him down, it means that the scene is about the pressurization of the waters of the well. This is why small snakes are getting out of Jörmungandr's mouth, just like the small snakes are getting out the Great Snake in the Hindu scene : the Great Serpent is being cut in multiple small snakes. A small amount of water is being ejected from the well.

 

The ancient Egyptian Shabaka Stone which record the 'Memphite Theology' or creation myth, a text perhaps originally composed during the New Kingdom, in which Ptah is responsible for the creation of all things by means of the spoken word. The Shabaka Stone at the British Museum : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA498

 

22.12  The Well in the icy misty world from which eleven rivers flowed and the Egyptian Shabaka Stone

One of the most interesting part of the Norse mythology is concerning "an icy misty world called Niflheim, with a well from which eleven rivers flowed."

"In the beginning […] there was nothing but a giant void, probably filled with some kind of magic potential. Before our world was formed there existed an icy misty world called Niflheim, with a well from which eleven rivers flowed." https://www.worldhistory.org/Ymir/

 

The phrase, 'the icy misty world called Niflheim, with a well from which eleven rivers flowed',  reminded me of one very particular strange stone from ancient Egypt, the Shabaka stone from the 25th Dynasty that is known to directly refer to the Creator god Ptah, the one Egyptian god who was the glorifying representation of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid (Section 21) : the Shabaka stone is showing a rectangular hole and eleven lines radiating from it.

Could the Norse myth about a well and eleven rivers refer to the Shabaka rectangular hole and eleven lines originating from it? Could it be another link between the Norse mythology and the ancient Egyptian religion?

"The Shabaka Stone, sometimes Shabaqo, is a relic incised with an ancient Egyptian religious text, which dates from the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt."

"The stela is around 137 centimetres (54 in) wide, with the left side height estimated at 91 centimetres (36 in) and the right side about 95 centimetres (37 in). The written surface is 132 centimetres (52 in) in width and on average, 66 centimetres (26 in) in height. The rectangular hole in the center is 12 by 14 centimetres (4.7 by 5.5 in), with eleven radiating lines ranging in length from 25 to 38 centimetres (9.8 to 15.0 in)."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shabaka_Stone

 

Norse mythology isn't really about the icy world of Niflheim (the 'realm of primordial cold' and the 'Home of Mist' where can be found the 'well of Hvergelmir') and the hellishly hot world of Muspelheim (hot and glowing land of fire, home to the fire giants), but it is really about the two of them fighting against each other in the 'Yawning Void' of Ginnungagap, the Norse reinterpretation of the Queen's chamber of the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

 

22.13  The heatwaves from Muspell fighting the Mist of Cold inside Ginnungagap

We've seen in Section 14 about the Red Pyramid, that the reason why evaporative cold was created inside the Great Pyramid, is probably because chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate, using a Solvay or Solvay-like process was overheating (the very strong ammonia smell in the 'burial' limestone kiln chamber).

We've also seen in Section 19 "The Churning of the Ocean" that this idea of overheating that needed to be cooled down with water, was mentioned in this myth, probably the most important of all in Hindu mythology.

But Norse mythology is even way more explicit : " Another world was the elemental opposite, Muspell, hellishly hot […] the rivers of Niflheim froze and the ice piled up in the void, where the rime met the heatwaves from Muspell. As a result of the melting, the drops came together to shape a being, Ymir or Augelmir, the ancestor of the giants’ families. https://www.worldhistory.org/Ymir/

Maybe with a more in-depth study, it would be possible to sort out a lot of Norse mythology, but unfortunately it looks like everything had been completely mixed up : every single element of the operating of the pyramid is there, right under our eyes, but everything had been coated with brand new stories, borrowing a little here and a little there to create something unique and extremely hard to decipher.

 

Loki breaks free at the onset of Ragnarök (by Ernst H. Walther, 1897) : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragnarok

An illustration of Lífþrasir and Líf (1895) by Lorenz Frølich : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lif_and_Lifprasir

Detail of Statue of the half-god Bes photographed by Sandstein. Limestone, Amanthus (Cyprus), Roman copy of the Archaic style. Istanbul Archaeological Museums, inv.no. 3317 T : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IAM_3317T_-_Statue_of_Bes.jpg

 

22.15  Ragnarök is the last fight between Thor and the Great Serpent Jörmungandr... and flooding

The following excerpt is crucial for the understanding of Thor fighting the Great Serpent Jörmungandr. When it is said that "Thor and Jörmungandr would meet one last time", it first means that they have fight many, many times before. In one particular text, it is said that each time Thor thought he had killed the Great Serpent, Jörmungandr actually survived and reappeared like nothing happened.

"Thor and Jörmungandr were fated to meet again during Ragnarök, the “fate of the gods” and the end of days for the Norse. According to the predictions offered by the völva narrator of the Völuspá (also in the Poetic Edda), the events of Ragnarök would begin when the serpent of Midgard released its tail from its mouth and wriggled onto dry land. There it would join its brother Fenrir, who would set the world aflame while Jörmungandr filled the air with poison. Thor and Jörmungandr would meet one last time, and while Thor was fated finally to kill his foe, he would sustain mortal wounds in the process. Thor would take nine steps after felling the serpent before succumbing to the serpent’s poison and dying". https://mythopedia.com/topics/thor

More on Ragnarök : https://norse-mythology.org/tales/ragnarok/

 

The Great Serpent never was killed, because he was made of the water from the King's chamber and the sarcophagus (biosand filter for water softening and micro-organism decontamination, Section 18) : at every cycle of about 15 minutes, about 200 liters of pressurized water from the well were redirected towards the evaporative cooling passage; but during the 15 minutes of hauling back the impactor to the top of the Gallery, the 200 liters of the ejected water would have been replaced through the central gutter.

The Great Serpents Apep and Jörmungandr never died… until the shutdown procedure and the draining of the well. This time, the Great Serpent would die and would never return.

 

 

22.16  Ragnarök is referring to the draining of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid

I've described in Section 8, the entire sequence of events that triggered the draining of the well; the key element is that the impactor had been used one last time and that its release had been triggered from the grotto of the pyramid. But because the fixed caisson in the Gallery had to be flooded to increase the pressure on the Bes wedging block, the Osiris stone had to be freed from the wooden part of the impactor.

I think this is the reason why it is said that during Ragnarök, the draining of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, both the Great Serpent Jörmungandr and Thor are killed.

 

22.17  The nine steps move of the impactor after hitting the Taweret Block during the draining of the well

The above excerpt is also mentioning that Thor 'had to take nine steps after felling the serpent' and that could be an amazing data.

Thor is the representation of the impactor, freed of the wooden float for its last voyage into the inclined well; and the felling of the Great Serpent is about the draining of the water of the well : the 200 liters of ejected pressurized water are not renewed anymore, the snake is dead. It means that Bes is broken and Taweret is freed to move and go rest onto the 'Savior' shock absorber granite plug #2.

So maybe the mention of the nine steps 'after felling the serpent' is about the distance travelled by Taweret between her initial position and the one she is having today.

 

The lower part of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid of Egypt and the Al-Ma'mun cavity, where the draining of its waters was realized before they were evacuated towards the subterranean chamber. The granite plug appearing on the image is the Taweret block.

Source of the image : Great Pyramid Passages and Chambers, Volume 1 (1910 edition). By John and Morton Edgar. Plate LXIV, page 166 : https://archive.org/details/GreatPyramidPassagesVol11910Edition/page/n174/mode/1up

 

Last update : September 5th, 2022. Implementation of Beset as the granite plug #1, the real plug of the well. Beset is unfortunately purely circumstantial.  I couldn't find anything to validate the idea, but it is highly possible that this granite plug #1 and the Bes wedging block would have been given very similar names, because they had a very similar function : both blocks weren't supposed to move an inch during the entire operating period of the pyramid.

While the Osiris stone, the Taweret block and the shock-absorber Savior block were all designed to move at some point during the operating of the Great Pyramid, Bes and Beset were purely stationary blocks and they would have been given very similar names.

 

22.18  Summary of the study : hidden behind the academic vision of the ancient Egyptian religion, a vast number of metaphors are describing some of the most advanced science and technological knowledge of that time : ancient Egyptian gods were nothing else than pharaohs' metaphoric self-glorifications of their theoretical and experimental scientific accomplishments in physics and chemistry.

Pharaohs used the power of Science to legitimate themselves as kings of Egypt : they forged an entire religion, based on science to rule their kingdom, and they presented that science as Magic.

The end game of this technological program that probably started on the very first Dynasty, was the Great Pyramid of Giza where evaporative cooling was engineered in the known part of the pyramid from the pressurized water produced in the inclined well, known today as the ascending passage.

The evaporative cold simply took advantage of the power of water, and was most probably necessary to cool down chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate produced by an ammonia-soda Solvay process, as suggested by the very strong ammonia smell and the limestone kiln in the so-called burial chamber of the Red Pyramid. At that time, sodium carbonate was called natron, and it was the salt used for the mummification of the pharaohs (Sections 14, 15 and 16).

The cooling seems to have represented the most difficult part of the process, as suggested by the Step Pyramid's official name : according to scholars, the very first pyramid complex, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, was called "the refreshment of the Gods". No doubt that a more accurate translation would certainly be "the cooling of the Gods".

It means that ancient Egyptians were the first civilization to master a Solvay-like process for sodium carbonate manufacturing, long before it got reinvented in the 1800's in Europe. The key elements of that process is the temperature control of the chemical reactions (the cooling), and the dome shaped plate necessary for the counterflow chemical reactions to occur in an efficient way. That counterflow reaction plate is what really is the disc of Sabu.

As shown with Akhenaten and Nefertiti, the creation of the evaporative cold was the most sacred accomplishment of all (Section 17), and this is exactly what the Dendera Light is all about : the Dendera Light is the fog of microdroplets of liquid water that evaporates and creates the cold. Talking about the snake inside the Dendera Light Bulb : "The field surrounding Ra’s snake form is referred to in ancient Egyptian literature as protective magical energy in liquid form that all gods and pharaohs possess" (Faulkner, Section 2).

Everything that had been done in the Great Pyramid of Giza inspired most of the ancient Egyptian religion, and it had been glorified into what we know today as the Underworld.

The Underworld is referring to the chambers and passages of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and in particular to the Grand Gallery where a hauling gantry beetle operated a wooden coffin shaped impactor that had a small nested granite block inside it. The impactor generated endlessly, over and over, maybe every 15 minutes the pressurized water that was then transformed into a fog of microdroplets inside the horizontal cooling passage.

The Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid where the act of hauling was done, is the "Secret Hauling Cavern of the Underworld" described in the Amduat "Book of the Hidden Chamber".

The most important chamber of the Great Pyramid wasn't the King's chamber that only was the main water tank of the pyramid, but the Queen's chamber, the only one on the central axis of the pyramid. Because the Queen's chamber was inaccessible from the rest of the pyramid, it was glorified into the "Hidden Chamber of the Underworld" (Section 11), and because the Queen's chamber was the coolest place in the pyramid (about 5°C / 41°F), and with a constant 100% Humidity rate, this chamber was the one where the biggest amount of very hard salt encrustation had been documented by the first explorers of the pyramid in the 1800's and before it had been removed in 1998 by Zahi Hawass (Section 1). Very hard salt encrustation is the signature of the evaporative cooling process, even nowadays.

The most incredible thing is that pretty much everything I've just said, actually appears in one single myth, but it doesn't originate from ancient Egypt : it is the "Churning of the Ocean" Hindu myth that produces the immortal nectar Amrita. The fact is that the endless churning of water that ends up with the production of an elixir that gives eternal life, is exactly what were doing ancient Egyptians in the inclined well : natron was the salt used for the mummification of pharaohs.

Natron gave eternal life to pharaohs, just like the Amrita (Section 19).

 

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Ptah-Sokar-Osiris Figure of Ankhshepenwepet, Dynasty 25 (Kushite) at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New-York : https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/548279

Also at the MET, the Ptah-Sokar-Osiris Figure Dedicated to a temple musician named Ihet, it is inscribed with offering prayers and texts glorifying the gods : https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/553823

Bronze seated figure of Imhotep at the British Museum : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA40666

 

21.02  In the Osiris myth, the coffin is about the wooden part of the impactor... and Osiris himself is the stone weight

Osiris' deciphering had been for me like a mosquito hunt when you can hear it's sound but you can't neither spot or kill the poor thing. At the same time I'd been trying to find how ancient Egyptians had represented the so important granite weight of the impactor, but in vain… until today. I'd killed the mosquito, and I'd killed Osiris, the metaphoric glorification of the Great Pyramid of Egypt impactor's granite weight.

It really is amazing, I was looking for more than a year now what was the metaphoric representation of the granite block that was inserted inside the impactor; one of the most important block of the entire operating Great Pyramid, and I actually literally had it right under my eyes since the very beginning… but I guess it wasn't the right time.

I think I was looking for something that in some way 'looked like' a granite block, or another animal like Taweret but I should have known better and keep analyzing the myths more accurately, because the solution of this so particular granite block is in the Osiris myth : the Osiris coffin "made to fit Osiris exactly" is the wooden cradle float part of the impactor and Osiris is the inserted granite block that was nested inside the wooden coffin of the impactor of the Great Pyramid.

"In the Osiris myth, Osiris was killed by Set by being tricked into a coffin made to fit Osiris exactly. Set then had the coffin with the now deceased Osiris flung into the Nile." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djed

The wooden cradle float (most probably made of very hit and weather resistant Ficus sycomorus wood, Section 10) was just the vessel for this granite block : the boats of the Underworld are all about this vessel.

"Osiris is the god of fertility, agriculture, the afterlife, the dead, resurrection, life, and vegetation in ancient Egyptian religion." [...]

"Plutarch recounts one version of the Osiris myth in which Set (Osiris' brother) […] conspired with 72 accomplices to plot the assassination of Osiris. Set fooled Osiris into getting into a box, which Set then shut, sealed with lead, and threw into the Nile." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

 

21.03  The Grand Gallery's axle beam was most probably made of super tension resistant Tamarix wood

"Later myths tell a story in which the evil god Set killed Osiris, put him in a coffin which he threw into the Nile. The coffin became embedded in the base of a tamarisk tree of life, which became a pillar in a king’s palace."   https://www.landofpyramids.org/tree-of-life.htm

"The coffin became embedded in the base of a tamarisk tree of life, which became a pillar in a king’s palace." is priceless, because not only in the story about evil god Set, is appearing a wooden pillar, but we also learn that this pillar was made of Tamarix (also Tamarisk or Salt cedar) wood : that is the axle beam of the Grand Gallery these myths are talking about.

We've already seen that the impactor was certainly made of Sycamore (also Sycomore) Ficus sycomorus tree (the Sycamore tree putting its weight upon the Great Serpent Apep), probably the most hit and weather resistant of all wood species. Could the axle beam of the top platform of the Grand Gallery had been really made of Tamarix wood?

According to Wikipedia, Tamarix wood was used in ancient times to make 'tremendous powerful bows' : it means that it is a wood which is super resistant to tension, whether that tension is coming from the string of a Saka bow, or from the central hauling rope of the impactor.

"The Tamarix wood was used by the Saka (combined with wood and ibex horn) to produce tremendously powerful bows hundreds of years before the common era." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarix

 

Osiris, the ancient Egyptian god of 'Rebirth, Fertility and Agriculture' drawn by Jeff Dahl : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

Apep being cut into pieces with a knife by the great cat Mau (the Great Cat of Heliopolis), photographed by kairoinfo4u in the tomb of Inherkau TT359 : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/18390398199/in/photolist-2jvGusa-uiKg1k-u26AF2-YbXiKr-XzWp6J

 

21.04  The boat race between Horus and Set is about the wooden and stone composite design of the impactor

The Osiris myth about the wooden coffin trickery involves Set as the bad guy, but there is no mention of any stone that would have add a lot of weight to the wooden coffin. Hopefully, there is another myth where Set is also the bad guy : it is the myth about the fight between Set and Horus. In this myth, the wooden coffin is replaced by a wooden boat that has to compete against a boat made of stone.

"… the other gods were getting tired from over eighty years of fighting and challenges. Horus and Set challenged each other to a boat race, where they each raced in a boat made of stone. Horus and Set agreed, and the race started. But Horus had an edge: his boat was made of wood painted to resemble stone, rather than true stone. Set's boat, being made of heavy stone, sank, but Horus' did not. Horus then won the race, and Set stepped down and officially gave Horus the throne of Egypt." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horus

 

In this Horus and Set myth, it is mentioned that the fight between the two of them lasted for over 80 years; if this data is a genuine one it could refer to 80 years of experimentations before the evaporative cooling was mastered, but it is most probably a wrong track.

Anyway, this myth is talking about the design of the impactor : if it was only made of wood, the impactor wouldn't have gain enough energy to pressurize the well; but if it was only made of stone, it would have sank at the bottom of the well and would have rested against the Taweret sealing block.

The perfect impactor had to be made of both wood and stone, this is why Horus won the race. Because they couldn't say that the stone was actually supposed to be nested inside the wooden part of the boat, the myth is only about a boat made of wood but painted to resemble to stone.

Of course, I only assume that this stone was made of granite, the best high quality stone available.

 

Relief at Wadi Hammamat showing that the flail symbol is all about water. Middle Kingdom Dynasty 11, Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II. Photographed by kairoinfo4u : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/25932728632/in/photostream/

Api or Hapi (Apis, Taureau Consacré a la Lune)", 1823-25. Printed material. Brooklyn Museum : https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/archives/image/55326

 

21.05  The fabulous frontwards and backwards plumes of water accompanying the descent of the impactor

Pretty much everything in ancient Egyptian religion is about water, and the flail is no exception as we can see it in the "street artist" piece on the above Wadi Hammamat relief. Here the Apis bull is representing the impactor after being released in the slope of the Grand Gallery.

Because it is moving onto wooden boards covered with water to reduce the friction, water is violently pushed forward in front of Apis' front hooves (snake = water). But water is also projected backwards, creating fabulous plumes of water in the path of the speeding impactor, like a car would do on a wet and very slippery road.

The flail is a beautiful artistic representation of the water plumes that gushed out of the impactor's trail, but the water pushed frontwards is also very well rendered : the snake almost looks like little ripples in the water, don't you think?

Look at the Bull's gaze direction, it seems like he is also pushing frontwards the snake with his head.

 

21.06  The feathers of Shu on the head of the Apis bull is about the air being pushed in front of the impactor

Not only we can see that the Apis bull (probably a representation of the entire structure of the impactor, but also maybe simply another representation of the Osiris weight stone) is pushing water with his lower part in contact with the 'floor' with its front hooves, but we can point out that Apis also has on his head the feathers of Shu, the god of dry and warm air. It could be the confirmation that the impactor was also pushing air in front of him, and it was really moving into a fixed wooden caisson that extended the inclined well into the Grand Gallery.

The impactor not only pressurized the waters of the well, but it also worked like a bicycle pump by injecting fresh dry air into the evaporative cooling passage.

In previous posts I suggested that the wooden ramp that connected the Grand Gallery with the inclined well had hollowed air slots, but I'm wondering if it was even necessary : the air could have simply been forced into the well before the impact and redirected towards the cooling passage just like pressurized water a few moments later.

In the next paragraph, we'll see that the same feather of Shu also appear on the head of the Awakening Osiris, and this time there is no confusion possible : Osiris is not the entire structure of the impactor, Osiris is only the inserted stone weight.

 

Le réveil d'Osiris (the Awakening of Osiris) at the Exposition Osiris, Institut du Monde Arabe, by Jean-Pierre Dalbéra and Gautier Poupeau

Skeleton infographic by the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation : https://www.ibsf.org/en/our-sports/skeleton-info-graphics

 

21.07  The Awakening of Osiris' skeleton position is about pushing air frontwards and ramming into the well

If you don't know what really was representing Osiris, there is very little chance that you can understand his 'awakening' face-down and head-first riding position.

But if you know that he was a metaphoric glorification of the stone weight that was giving speed and energy to the impactor that was ramming into the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, then you can understand his very peculiar 'skeleton position' and why he also has rams' horns.

 

The operating of the impactor of the Great Pyramid of Egypt. The Grand Gallery is the "Mysterious Hauling Cavern of the Underworld".

 

'Osiris on his Funeral Bed', Egyptian Museum, Cairo (JE32090); Photo: Christoph Gerigk © Franck Goddio / Hilti Foundation. Saint Louis Art Museum : https://www.slam.org/audio/sunken-cities/

 

21.08  Osiris' death and rebirth is about the impactor's operating cycle : its slow ascent and its lightning descent 

On the above left image, is represented the descent of the impactor, gaining speed and energy, hence the aerodynamic 'skeleton position' of Osiris (the 'awakening of Osiris').

On the right image is the sequential hauling of the impactor : Osiris looks 'dead' because he is doing nothing, he is just a deadweight painstakingly towed to the top of the Grand Gallery, pair of latch bolts after pair (the triangular Sokar falcon representations are the latch bolts, Section 11). Look how the bottom falcons (the 'live' latch bolts that were actually holding the hauling beetle, step after step) are tight grasping Osiris' feet : Osiris' feet are 'locked' between the falcon's wings, just like the Hauling Beetle in the latch bolts.

 

Also, the fifth falcon onto the body of Osiris himself (described as Isis), probably means that there actually was another type of latch bolt involved : like I've suggested, this latch bolt probably was the system that released the impactor into the slope at the end of the hauling process.

 

21.09  The 'Funeral Bed' of Osiris isn't the impactor but the Hauling Beetle : the light-brownish impactor is right underneath

What really is important to note about the 'Osiris bed' is that Osiris isn't lying onto the impactor, but on the representation of the hauling beetle : the 'Osiris Bed' is the Hauling beetle, with the Lions' heads.

If you look closely, you'll see that the impactor is actually also represented : it is the grayish structure that is right under the black basalt 'Hauling Bed'.

And it is also the exact layout assembly that I've drawn for months now : the Hauling beetle was moving just above the fixed caisson where was the impactor.

The heads and paws of the Lion are indicating the direction of the hauling.

 

The only purpose of Osiris, the Osiris' stone, was to ram into the inclined well waters with the highest speed possible. But by doing so and during the fall inside the fixed wooden caisson extending the well, air is pushed in front of the impactor : this is why not only Osiris is wearing rams' horns but also feathers, the feathers of god of dry warm air Shu.

What is incredible about the Skeleton winter sliding sport, is that the analogy with the impactor of the Great Pyramid is absolutely perfect : the wooden part of the impactor is the skeleton bobsled, the stone weight is the skeleton athlete and the constantly dampened wooden covered slippery central gutter of the Grand Gallery where the impactor was moving is the frozen track.

Ram fighting, National Games, Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ram_fighting

 

What is even more surprising is that we can see today the analogy between the movement of the impactor and the movement of the skeleton on the ice, but we also know that cold was what really was happening just next to the Grand Gallery, inside the cooling passage. How cool is that! And how cold did they really get?

How efficient really was their 'pressurized' evaporative cooling process?

Today, it looks like only 'adiabatic' evaporative cooling is used all over the world : that is realizing the process at atmospheric pressure; but is there anyone pressurizing air in the evaporative process anywhere?

If you pressurize the air, it means you have more air per unit of volume : you can force more water into the air. The more air you have, the colder it is gonna get.

 

Ancient Egyptian god of Rebirth and Fertility Osiris, draw by Jeff Dahl : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

The god Osiris receiving offerings, Hieratic Book of the Dead of Padiamenet (22th Dynasty) photographed by Jon Bodsworth, and in the tomb of Sennedjem (19th Dynasty) by Iniati. Both images on https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris

 

21.10  Osiris, the stone weight of the wooden impactor

In short : when it is said in the Set and Osiris myth that "Osiris was killed by Set by being tricked into a coffin made to fit Osiris exactly" and that "Set fooled Osiris into getting into a box, which Set then shut, sealed with lead, and threw into the Nile", it means that Osiris is the weight that was inserted inside the wooden coffin impactor.

And when it is said in the Set and Horus myth where they challenged each other to a boat race, that Horus' boat "was made of wood painted to resemble stone, rather than true stone", it means that the weight of the impactor was made of stone, and that Osiris was that stone.

 

21.11  The metaphors depicting Osiris as the impactor of the Great Pyramid

The ancient Egyptian religion is nothing but an accumulation of metaphors and the Osiris myth is not different. Osiris being the representation of the granite stone that was inserted into the impactor and which rammed, or penetrated the inclined well waters, some of Osiris' stories are mentioning some kick that Osiris would have give to Set, or some sexual intercourse that Osiris may had have with Set's consort. The intercourse metaphor is one of the most often used by ancient Egyptians, and here with the impactor's operating, it is a very accurate one, also because of the water splashed that followed the impact with the waters of the well :

"Some versions of the myth provide Set's motive for killing Osiris. According to a spell in the Pyramid Texts, Set is taking revenge for a kick Osiris gave him…" 

"…  whereas in a Late Period text, Set's grievance is that Osiris had sex with Nephthys, who is Set's consort and the fourth child of Geb and Nut."

 

We've already seen that crocodiles and bulls were also metaphorical representations of the impactor, and in the following excepts, Osiris is precisely identified as these two animals.

I actually very often mention the 'impactor' as the wooden structure where the Osiris stone was lodged in, but I'm starting to think that ancient Egyptians didn't care that much about this wooden part. For them, the 'impactor' was the 'Osiris stone' :

"In some cases the texts suggest that Set takes the form of a wild animal, such as a crocodile or bull…"

 

The idea itself of Osiris that was representing the stone of the impactor, being thrown into the waters of the inclined well where it sank before being retrieved and pulled back up into the Grand Gallery, is also clearly mentioned in Egyptian texts (don't forget that all the water that was used to power up the pyramid was coming from the Nile, and so were the waters of the well) :

"… in others they imply that Osiris's corpse is thrown in the water or that he is drowned."

All excerpts from Wikipedia's page on Osiris :  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiris_myth

 

 

21.12  Was the crook the tool used to retrieve the impactor from the well?

The wooden part of the impactor, made of Ficus sycomorus wood (Section 10) was only designed so that the impactor would be able to gain speed and energy in the slope of the wooden covered floor of the Grand Gallery, but also to facilitate its operating and its retrieving in the inclined well : the impactor was either floating completely or would have stay in mid-water, depending on its global density.

Maybe the crook was the tool used to catch the impactor when it was resting in the well, floating in shallow depth.

The ancient Egyptian mummification, by SimplisticReps: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Mummification_simple.png

 

21.13  The Osiris stone's bandages were assuring a perfect fit with the wooden caisson

Osiris was classically depicted as a green-skinned deity and partially mummy-wrapped at the legs, and I first thought that the mummy-wrapped legs were another metaphor and that they simply represented the fact that the Osiris stone was nested inside the wooden coffin : the layers of bandages would have reproduced a kind of nest.

But this metaphor didn't satisfy me : it is an easy one, and it is a bad one.

We've seen that the impactor wooden part was made of Sycomore wood and that they had to hollow it out so that the Osiris stone would perfectly fit into it. But I'm wondering : how perfect really was the fit?

Because if you know that the impactor would have to endure thousands and thousands of hits into the waters of the well, you know that the Osiris stone and its wooden coffin have to behave like one single impactor : there can't be any gap anywhere between the two of them.

I think ancient Egyptians really wrapped the Osiris stone into bandages before putting it inside its wooden coffin.

The Osiris stone was the most important block of the Great Pyramid : the hauling beetle only goal was to lift this stone and it is this Osiris stone that pressurized the waters of the well as well as the evaporative cooling passage with the air the impactor moved in front of its descent.

I think that if Osiris and every single mummy is wrapped into bandages, this is only to reproduce the bandages that wrapped the Osiris stone inside the impactor. If I'm right about this, it means that the sarcophagus that are protecting the bandages-wrapped mummies, are only reproducing the wooden coffin of the Osiris stone.

 

"Hapi (left), Horus and Set (center), performing the Sema-Tawy ritual (lotus and papyrus entwined; the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt)". Traditionally this is a ceremony performed by Hapi, God of the annual inundation of the Nile. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deux_Terres#/media/Fichier:Luxor_Tempel_15.jpg

 

21.14  Osiris is the granite weight that pressurized the inclined well and gave life to the Heart of the Great Pyramid

The body posture of seated Osiris has the exact same meaning than the feet of Horus and Seth applying pressure onto the Heart-like shape : with his weight, seated Osiris is applying pressure onto the Heart-like shape. 

More on the origin of the Heart shape being the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, in Section 19 'The Churning of the Ocean Hindu myth' and Section 20 'The Weighing of the Heart myth'

 

21.15  Is the Osiris green color referring to green granite?

The other characteristic feature of Osiris is the unusual green color of his skin. Now that we know that Osiris was nothing else than a stone, maybe this color is a genuine data that can help us determine what kind of stone was Osiris made of.

Every single important stone of the Great Pyramid is made of granite, and I can't imagine that the most important stone of all wouldn't have been made of granite as well : green granite is maybe the answer.

 

Book of the Dead of Hunefer at the British Museum : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/image/753627001

 

21.16  The entire sequence of the cold creation : Osiris impactor's weight / Water / Junction imprint / Lotus 'flower' Seed head

The representation of Osiris in the Book of the Dead of Hunefer is a perfect illustration of the entire sequence that generated the evaporative cooling fog : Osiris is applying pressure onto the water 'pool' (that is the exact same thing than Osiris seated on top of the Heart-like shape in the Book of the Dead of Padiamenet), the pressurized water then passes through the Junction imprint (the circular hole) and the Lotus 'flower' seed head that is the fog nozzle of the cooling passage.

In the right bottom image, I'm assuming that this is the same Junction imprint from which pressurized water is getting out and transforms itself into the snake. If I'm right about this scene, this particular snake would be Atum : the small amount of pressurized water (maybe about 200 liters) ejected from the well every 15 minutes or so.

 

Shower head thanks to Nicole Koehler : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shower_head.JPG 

Pectoral of Tutankhamun photographed by Steeve Leulier : Exposition Toutânkhamon : le Trésor du Pharaon

 

21.17  The trickling water from the lotus 'flower' seed head in King Tut's pectoral

The idea that the Lotus flower is actually not at all about the flower itself but rather about the seed head because of its resemblance with a shower head and that its meaning is about running water passing through that seed head, is perfectly depicted on the above Tutankhamun's pectoral : numerous glass beads are representing trickling water getting out of the lotus 'flower' seed head.

The Tibetan 'Jewel in the Lotus' mantra really is a metaphoric glorification of the fog nozzle of the Great Pyramid.

 

 

21.18  Prayer Wheels were originally intended to constantly give small amounts of 'Merit' to Too Lazy Naga snakes

The function of the Tibetan Prayer Wheels is not just about saying prayers or mantras, but about giving "small amounts of merit to lazy Naga spirits"; Nagas referring to snakes. The fact is we've already seen that in the ancient Egyptian religion snakes were only metaphors of the water from the Nile that powered up the Great Pyramid; so if Prayer Wheels are somehow giving small amounts of merit to lazy snakes, it means that these small amounts of merit are actually given to lazy water.

Lazy water is water without energy : it means that "Lazy Naga Snakes" is referring to Still water and that the small amounts of merit given to that water are actually referring to small amounts of energy, constantly given over and over again to that Still water.

 

"The prayer wheel, a popular device in Tibet and across the Himalayas, was originally intended for the Naga world, where the serpent-like creatures were too lazy to engage in meritorious acts.

"A common narrative for the origins of the prayer wheel credit Shakyamuni Buddha for teaching a system of religious practice that would allow the very lazy and uneducated Naga Spirits to acquire some small amount of merit by turning in a clockwise direction a cylinder of mantras, dharanis and auspicious verses."

https://www.himalayanart.org/search/set.cfm?setID=562

"According to one story of their origin, the philosopher Nagarjuna obtained the prayer wheel from the king of the serpentine beings known as Nagas, who in turn received them from the Buddha Dipamkara. The Naga king described the prayer wheel as the “profound Dharma wheel that can liberate sentient beings from all the suffering of the 3 lower realms by merely seeing, hearing, remembering, or touching.”

https://rubinmuseum.org/collection/artwork/wind-powered-prayer-wheel-20.406

 

21.19  The Too Lazy Naga snakes and the Egyptian primordial 'inactive' still waters are the same thing

Again, both ancient Egyptians and the Tibetan prayer Wheels are describing the same thing when the first ones are talking about the 'inactive' primordial waters, and the second ones about the 'too lazy' snakes that need small amounts of 'merit' to exit their lazyness.

From Wikipedia : "Nu (also Nenu, Nunu, Nun), feminine Naunet (also Nunut, Nuit, Nent, Nunet), is the deification of the primordial watery abyss in the Hermopolitan Ogdoad cosmogony of ancient Egyptian religion."

"The name is paralleled with nen "inactivity" in a play of words in, "I raised them up from out of the watery mass [nu], out of inactivity [nen]". The name has also been compared to the Coptic noun "abyss; deep". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_(mythology)

 

The Dendera Light relief in the Hathor temple, photographed by Kairoinfo4U and posted on flickr : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/14525094039/in/photostream/

Lotus seed head image thanks to Dinkum : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nelumbo_nucifera_%28fruit%29.JPG

 

21.20  The "Om mani padme hum" mantra, literally "the Jewel in the Lotus" is the glorification of the fog nozzle of the Great Pyramid

"Om mani padme hum" is most probably the most important mantra of all; its meaning is : “the jewel in the lotus”.

We've already seen in Section 2 about the Dendera Light that the lotus flower from which the bulb is getting out is a representation of the fog nozzle that was set at the entry of the horizontal cooling passage : the representation of the lotus flower isn't about the flower itself, but about the lotus seed head that resembles to a shower head.

The meaning of the lotus flower is about running water passing through the Jewel of the Lotus : the fog nozzle of the pyramid.

The Tibetan "Jewel in the Lotus" mantra is the glorification of the fog nozzle of the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

"Prayer wheels larger than human size are to be seen in separate rooms in Tibetan Buddhist temples and can be set in motion by pilgrims. With the help of a small bell the number of revolutions can be counted. The cylinders of fixed prayer wheels are often inscribed with the formula “Om mani padme hum” (meaning “jewel in the lotus”) in ornamental Lantsa (Ranjana) letters." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayer_wheel

 

21.21  Prayer Wheels are all about the Grand Gallery and the operation of the impactor

We've seen in Section 19 'The Churning of the Ocean Hindu myth' , that both the artistic representations and the myth itself, were indicating that the origin of the myth was the Great Pyramid and mostly the inclined well.

Here for the Prayer Wheels deciphering, we have the same dual thing : both the design of the wheels and the myth about them are indicating their origin, and it is still about the pyramid, but this time it is all about the Grand Gallery and the operating of the impactor.

 

21.22  The cord/chain and the weight : the central rope operated impactor

It looks like modern interpretations of Prayer Wheels only see in the weighed chain of the handled models, a simple accessory that facilitates the use of the wheel, but it is a profound mistake : everything about the Prayer Wheels indicate that the chain (or the cord) is referring to the central rope of the Grand Gallery; the rope that connected the axle beam of the upper platform to the impactor and ensured its hauling from the inclined well.

 

​21.23  Prayer Wheels are only meant to be spinned clockwise

This information about the Prayer Wheels, hence the Tree of Life having to be spinned clockwise could be of some interest : it could indicate that when the impactor was hauled up to the top part of the gallery, the Tamarix axle beam would have also rotated clockwise.

Knowing the tremendous impact all the Great Pyramid operation had in Egypt and all over the ancient World, it is even possible that this is the origin of the definition of the clockwise direction of rotation itself.

 

Statue of god Ptah, photographed by kairoinfo4u : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/26774477850/in/photostream/

"Ptah, in the form of a mummified man (except for arms and face) standing on the symbol for Ma'at, holding a scepter or staff that bears the combined ankh-djed-was symbols" and drawing of the Creation god Ptah by Jeff Dahl on Wikipedia : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptah

Photograph from tomb KV 11 of Ramesses III, side chamber, image # 21076 by Matjaz Kacicnik, courtesy of ARCE, American Research Center in Egypt in partnership with the American University in Cairo Egyptology Department : https://thebanmappingproject.com/images/21076jpg

 

21.24  Ptah the patron of craftsmen and architects because of the inclined well design

As the representation of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, the creator god Ptah has been identified with the patron of craftsmen and architects.

The well was the most advanced piece of equipment ever built, in some ways it could be compared to a modern engine cylinder, and the impactor to the piston of that engine. The structural integrity of the well was ensured by the 14 Girdle stones that probably are the biggest blocks of the pyramid, even bigger than the top platform of the Grand Gallery.

But this particular aspect of the engineering of the well was minor : there are only 3 girdles in the upper part of the well; and the impactor certainly didn't go much farther down.

All the other face to face Girdles at the bottom of the well were only there to ensure that the draining of the well wouldn't be jeopardized by the constraints supported by the structure. This part can be compared to modern reinforced concrete : nothing could have been allowed to move even an inch so that the Taweret block could free the drain hole. The Taweret block absolutely needed to slide freely towards the 'Savior' shock absorber granite plug #2.

Please, take just one minute to imagine the whole thing : the Bes block had to break under a precise amount of pressure to let the Taweret block slide with the water… then the tremendous sound when Taweret hits the Savior block… and the sound of all that water gushing out of the well into the Al-Ma'mun cavity.

No wonder Ptah had been identified with the patron of craftsmen and architects and was linked with Imhotep, sometimes himself represented on the Osiris' stone weight.

"Ptah (Ancient Egyptian: pth) is an ancient Egyptian deity, a creator god and patron of craftsmen and architects. In the triad of Memphis, he is the husband of Sekhmet and the father of Nefertem. He was also regarded as the father of the sage Imhotep."

 

21.25  Ptah's hollow scepter is the inclined well representation

In the above image and in most of his representations, Ptah is holding a blue and yellow scepter or staff that bears the combined ankh, djed and was symbols.

This blue and yellow 'staff' is actually the representation of the inclined well of the pyramid, and the reason why the ankh, djed and was symbols seem to be nested into that 'staff' is only to indicate that it is hollow : the 'staff' is the inclined well and the dotted blue line is about the movement of water .

The representation of the well held by Ptah is always in a perfect vertical position, but its true nature is shown in the tomb of Ramesses III : it has pretty much the same slope than the Grand Gallery/ascending passage layout.

 

21.26  Osiris and Ptah are indissociable : they are parts of the same unit 

If ancient Egyptian gods Osiris and Ptah are represented in a very similar way, that is because they were actually working together, like an engine motor.

Osiris was the piston and Ptah was the cylinder. You can take these parts apart, but they don't have any interest separately. It looks like for the Egyptians that what I'm calling the 'impactor' wasn't the composite wooden coffin with the nested granite Osiris stone, but the Osiris stone only. The wooden part was only a simple vessel : the many boats represented everywhere in the Underworld are the representations of this vessel. Boats in the Underworld = the wooden coffin of the impactor.

Osiris is represented still, but the flail indicates that he is moving at high speed (the flail is the representation of water plumes projected at the rear of the Apis bull), ready to ram into the inclined well that Ptah is holding.

 

21.27  Ptah "Who Listen to Prayers" and the Prayer Wheels are about the same 'Prayers'

We've seen that the Prayer Wheels' design and 'operating' were all about giving small amounts of merit to Too Lazy Naga Snakes and that it has to deal with the operating of the impactor of the well; but the prayers or mantras themselves are important, they are crucial; but if nobody is here to hear these prayers, what's the point, right?

 

The fact is that in ancient Egyptian religion, there is actually one god who precisely "Listen to Prayers", and this god is Ptah.

"In the New Kingdom, the cult of the god would develop in different ways, especially in Memphis, his homeland, but also in Thebes, where the workers of the royal tombs honoured him as patron of craftsmen. For this reason, the oratory of Ptah who listens to prayers was built near the site of Deir el-Medina, the village where the workers and craftsmen were housed. At Memphis, the role of intercessor with humans was particularly visible in the appearance of the enclosure that protected the sanctuary of the god. Large ears were carved on the walls, symbolizing his role as god who listens to prayers." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptah

 

The theoretical and experimental Egyptian gods involved in the evaporative cooling process, including Ptah, Atum and Tefnut.

 

21.28  Ptah constantly referring to the Heart is the glorification of the Heart of the Pyramid : the inclined well

We've already seen many times that the inclined well was metaphorically represented into a functioning living Heart, so when creator god Ptah is constantly referring to the Heart, he is referring to the inclined well. And that is the link with the Tibetan Prayer Wheels, or more precisely the Prayers are the link between Ptah and the Prayer Wheels : both are about the inclined well and both are listening to the Prayers.

Every single Prayer coming from the Prayer Wheels and listened to by the ancient Egyptian creator god Ptah is about one single cycle of the inclined well operating : one Prayer = one pressurization of the Well = one creation of the evaporative fog creating the cold.

In the following excerpt, Ptah is being linked to some of the ancient Egyptian gods that are referring to the evaporative cooling process : Atum and Tefnut ('tf' meaning to spit). More on Nut and Tefnut in Section 3

"He created the universe by speaking words through his Tongue (linked to the god Thoth and the goddess Tefnut) and by thoughts coming from his Heart [...]. There came into being as the heart and there came into being as the tongue ... in the form of Atem (Atum)." http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/ptah.htm

 

21.29  The creation of the myths about the inclined well

It is very hard to imagine what really looked like the pyramid when operated, but certainly as I've already discussed many times in posts previous to 'The Pyramids of the Cold', the Great Pyramid wouldn't have been completed; it would have pretty much looked like the lower part of the Bent Pyramid, and if this Bent Pyramid is precisely in 2 parts, it must certainly has to be related to that lower Great Pyramid part for cold production.

But if the impactor hit the waters of the well every 15 minutes and if the Grand Gallery was somehow close to be in midair, the sound of the whole thing would have been heard probably kilometers away.

Everybody in ancient Giza would have been able to hear it, 10 hours a day, every 15 minutes for most probably a period of 4 months (Section 20). Residents of Giza would have heard it but also everybody coming to Giza from foreign countries : visitors, merchants, domestic and foreign dignitaries, etc.

Of course, the biggest impression would have been caused by the breaking of the Bes wedging block and the release of the Taweret block resulting in the tremendous shock with the Savior block (granite plug #2).

Everybody heard it, and everybody talked about it. This is how the inclined well inspired so many myths in the ancient World.

 

 

 

21.30  The layout of the girdle stones in the inclined well of the Great Pyramid of Egypt

The inclined well, also known as the 'ascending passage' or 'first ascending passage', is represented with its 3 granite plugs in their initial positions; the position they got during the entire operating period of the pyramid for cold production.

More on the girdle stones layout, the Edgar Brothers' forgotten girdles and the granite imprint for the Bes wedging block in Section 4

 

 

21.31  The cutting of the Great Serpent of the Underworld Apep in multiple pieces (over and over again...)

Relief from KV 17, the tomb of Sety I. Photograph thanks to kairoinfo4u : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/36879934835/in/photolist-2jvGusa-uiKg1k-u26AF2-YbXiKr-XzWp6J/

Wall relief of Apep being cut multiple times, temple of Edfu, Egypt, thanks to Rémih on Wikipedia : https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Edfu16.JPG

 

21.32  The endless sequential production of pressurized water

In the above images are combined some of the most important metaphors used in the ancient Egyptian religion as well as in some of the rest of the ancient World.

The primordial metaphor is about the representation of the water used to power up the Great Pyramid into snakes, and that it is the ancient Egyptian god of the annual inundation of the Nile who is telling us that he was the one who created the snakes : the water was coming from the Nile.

The second metaphor is about the endless ejection of the inclined well's water that was represented into the multiple cutting of these same snakes. Apep is the original version of this cutting, while the Great Serpent on which Vishnu is sited on, is the Hindu 'version' of this process : the multiple heads' snake is the same thing than the ancient Egyptian Mehen 'board game'. The multiple cutting of snakes = multiple ejection of pressurized water.

The small amounts of merit given to Too Lazy Naga snakes is the way that the pressurization had been represented in the Tibetan Prayer Wheels. Merit = energy = pressurization. The prayers are referring to these sequential pressurizations, over and over again.

 

 

21.33  The Great Pyramid of Egypt in operation, before the shutdown procedure and the draining of the well

Last update August 27, 2022 : minor adjustments + implementation of the Osiris glorification of the impactor granite weight and the Ptah glorification of the inclined well. Ptah is more about the structure of the well, when the Great Serpent Apep is only about the pressurized water that is endlessly cut in small amounts to be injected every 15 minutes or so into the evaporative cooling passage.

 

21.34  Summary of the study : hidden behind the academic vision of the ancient Egyptian religion, a vast number of metaphors are describing some of the most advanced science and technological knowledge of that time : ancient Egyptian gods were nothing else than pharaohs' metaphoric self-glorifications of their theoretical and experimental scientific accomplishments in physics and chemistry.

Pharaohs used the power of Science to legitimate themselves as kings of Egypt : they forged an entire religion, based on science to rule their kingdom, and they presented that science as Magic.

The end game of this technological program that probably started on the very first Dynasty, was the Great Pyramid of Giza where evaporative cooling was engineered in the known part of the pyramid from the pressurized water produced in the inclined well, known today as the ascending passage.

The evaporative cold simply took advantage of the power of water, and was most probably necessary to cool down chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate produced by an ammonia-soda Solvay process, as suggested by the very strong ammonia smell and the limestone kiln in the so-called burial chamber of the Red Pyramid. At that time, sodium carbonate was called natron, and it was the salt used for the mummification of the pharaohs (Sections 14, 15 and 16).

The cooling seems to have represented the most difficult part of the process, as suggested by the Step Pyramid's official name : according to scholars, the very first pyramid complex, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, was called "the refreshment of the Gods". No doubt that a more accurate translation would certainly be "the cooling of the Gods".

It means that ancient Egyptians were the first civilization to master a Solvay-like process for sodium carbonate manufacturing, long before it got reinvented in the 1800's in Europe. The key elements of that process is the temperature control of the chemical reactions (the cooling), and the dome shaped plate necessary for the counterflow chemical reactions to occur in an efficient way. That counterflow reaction plate is what really is the disc of Sabu.

As shown with Akhenaten and Nefertiti, the creation of the evaporative cold was the most sacred accomplishment of all (Section 17), and this is exactly what the Dendera Light is all about : the Dendera Light is the fog of microdroplets of liquid water that evaporates and creates the cold. Talking about the snake inside the Dendera Light Bulb : "The field surrounding Ra’s snake form is referred to in ancient Egyptian literature as protective magical energy in liquid form that all gods and pharaohs possess" (Faulkner, Section 2).

Everything that had been done in the Great Pyramid of Giza inspired most of the ancient Egyptian religion, and it had been glorified into what we know today as the Underworld.

The Underworld is referring to the chambers and passages of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and in particular to the Grand Gallery where a hauling gantry beetle operated a wooden coffin shaped impactor that had a small nested granite block inside it. The impactor generated endlessly, over and over, maybe every 15 minutes the pressurized water that was then transformed into a fog of microdroplets inside the horizontal cooling passage.

The Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid where the act of hauling was done, is the "Secret Hauling Cavern of the Underworld" described in the Amduat "Book of the Hidden Chamber".

The most important chamber of the Great Pyramid wasn't the King's chamber that only was the main water tank of the pyramid, but the Queen's chamber, the only one on the central axis of the pyramid. Because the Queen's chamber was inaccessible from the rest of the pyramid, it was glorified into the "Hidden Chamber of the Underworld" (Section 11), and because the Queen's chamber was the coolest place in the pyramid (about 5°C / 41°F), and with a constant 100% Humidity rate, this chamber was the one where the biggest amount of very hard salt encrustation had been documented by the first explorers of the pyramid in the 1800's and before it had been removed in 1998 by Zahi Hawass (Section 1). Very hard salt encrustation is the signature of the evaporative cooling process, even nowadays.

The most incredible thing is that pretty much everything I've just said, actually appears in one single myth, but it doesn't originate from ancient Egypt : it is the "Churning of the Ocean" Hindu myth that produces the immortal nectar Amrita. The fact is that the endless churning of water that ends up with the production of an elixir that gives eternal life, is exactly what were doing ancient Egyptians in the inclined well : natron was the salt used for the mummification of pharaohs.

Natron gave eternal life to pharaohs, just like the Amrita (Section 19).

 

Water slide thanks to Aquafan (Riccione) : https://granbazzar2017.altervista.org/aquafan-riccione/

 

21.35  The water slide metaphor of the impactor's operating

I must admit I couldn't find a better illustration of the 2 parts of the operating cycle of the impactor.

The water slide is a perfect modern metaphor, whether it is for describing the sliding movement of the impactor at high speed inside the central gutter of the Grand Gallery; or the slow hauling process to get the impactor back to the upper part of the Gallery.

 

"Hapi (left), Horus and Set (center), performing the Sema-Tawy ritual (lotus and papyrus entwined; the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt)". Traditionally this is a ceremony performed by Hapi, God of the annual inundation of the Nile. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deux_Terres#/media/Fichier:Luxor_Tempel_15.jpg

 

21.36  Was 42 the daily Heart rate of the Great Pyramid of Egypt?

We've seen in Section 19 'The Weighing of the Heart' that when ancient Egyptians were talking about the Heart, they were referring to the heart of the Great Pyramid : the inclined well that functioned like a pulsating living heart.

In the crucial Spell 125 of the Egyptian Book of the Dead it is mentioned that the deceased person has to make a Negative Confession : "The Negative Confession (also known as The Declaration of Innocence) is a list of 42 sins which the soul of the deceased can honestly say it has never committed when it stands in judgment in the afterlife."

https://www.worldhistory.org/The_Negative_Confession/

Knowing that the whole Heart thing is about the inclined well, this number of 42 could be a very important data.

For some time know I evaluated the entire operating cycle duration of the Hauling beetle at something between 10 and 15 minutes, most of that time used to haul the impactor from its resting floating position in the well, up to the upper part of the Grand Gallery next to the top platform.

Let's say the entire team of the Grand Gallery was working 10 hours a day, from 8 am to 6 pm. With a 10 minutes cycle, it would have been possible for them to complete 60 cycles; and with a 15 minutes that number comes to 40 cycles.

It means that working 10 hours a day, the Hauling beetle could have been able to complete 42 complete cycles of a little less of 15 minutes each, assuming the Beetle was never stopped being operated and that the crewmembers would have been regularly relayed.

In short, 42 cycles could have been the daily objective of the Hauling beetle crewmembers.

42 could have been the daily Heart rate of the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

 

21.37  The Sema-Tawy ritual isn't about Upper and Lower Egypt but about the Upper and Upper parts of the Great Pyramid

We've already seen that the internal layout of the Great Pyramid of Egypt had been glorified into the Underworld. For example the "Secret Hauling Cavern of the Underworld" is the Grand Gallery where the act of towing the impactor was done.

I've also suggested that the Great Pyramid may haven't been completed during its entire operative duration : there was probably like a flat roof at the level of Lady Arbuthnot's chamber level.

It would explain why bat dung and insect's exuviae had been found in this chamber, why the copper tubes on the plates found in the Queen's chamber conduct upper parts had been hammered down and why the King's chamber northern conduct's trajectory suddenly changes at this level.

If I'm right about the reason why the cold was produced, that is for chemical manufacturing cooling of a Solvay-like process, then it would also explain the Big Void found by the ScanPyramids team : the Big Void would be a Red Pyramid like layout with the limestone kiln.

If the Underworld is the lower part of the internal layout of the pyramid, then this hidden upper Solvay-like part would be the upper part of the structure.

The Underworld would be the Lower part described today as Lower Egypt, and the Upper part would be described as Upper Egypt.

The Sema-Tawy ritual is about making the two parts of the Great Pyramid to work together : the production of cold in the Lower Underworld part allowing the chemical manufacturing in the Upper part successful.

 

"The Recess cut in the rock to the west of the Small Horizontal Passage of the Great Pyramid of Gizeh, looking south; showing Judah standing in the Subterranean Chamber beyond." Great Pyramid Passages and Chambers, Volume 1 (1910 edition). By John and Morton Edgar. The Edgars were associates of Charles Taze Russell and wrote this treatise in defense of Russell's views on the prophetic symbolism of the Great Pyramid of Gizeh in Egypt. Plate LVIII, page 154 : https://archive.org/details/GreatPyramidPassagesVol11910Edition/page/n161/mode/1up

 

21.38  Is the Osiris stone still in the Subterranean recess of the Great Pyramid?

In previous posts I've suggested that the granite block that was lodged inside the impactor, the Osiris stone, could have been the granite block found in the subterranean recess. The block is broken so it is hard to imagine it inside the impactor, but most important, I didn't realize the importance of the Osiris block : would this block have been left behind in the pyramid?

What is certain is that if the inclined well was the functional Heart of the pyramid, the Osiris stone was what brought life into it, I don't think the subterranean recess' block is that stone anymore, but who knows.

 

Tomb of Inherkau TT359, 20th dynasty. Part of the ceiling on the upper chamber. The Theban Tomb TT359 is located in Deir el-Medina, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian workman Inherkhau, who was Foreman of the Lord of the Two Lands in the Place of Truth during the reigns of Ramesses III and Ramesses IV. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TT359

 

21.39  Isn't it already an Hindu-like artistic design in the 20th Dynasty's cow pattern in the tomb of Inherkau?

Original photograph by kairoinfo4u and posted on flickr : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/17956011913/in/photostream/

 

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In the above Spell 125 screenshot from Wikipedia's page on the Book of the Dead list of spells, only the highlighted part can be traced to genuine ancient Egyptian writings : the Weighing of the Heart part is a pure construction from the early 1800's first egyptologists and their fantasized vision of the ancient World.

 

20.02  The idea itself of weighing a heart on a scale doesn't even appear anywhere in any ancient Egyptian text

Not only there is no heart on any side of any Weighing of the Heart scale, but the idea itself of weighing a heart on a scale and compare it to anything doesn't even appear anywhere in any ancient Egyptian text. Everybody is claiming that the spell 125 in the Book of the Dead, also known as Negative Confession, or more correctly the Declaration of Guiltlessness, is describing the Weighing of the Heart draws and reliefs, but this is not correct : no such thing as weighing any heart is discussed in spell 125 or in any other spell in the Book of the Dead.

Though, it is true that the Heart of the deceased person is abundantly discussed.

But we've seen in previous Section 19 the true reason why they are so strongly referring to the Heart : the Heart of the deceased person is being compared to the Heart of the Great Pyramid.

The Heart is always referring to the inclined well that gave life to the pyramid.

This section is about the deciphering of to what the Weighing of the Heart is really referring to.

 

20.03  The Weighing of the Heart is nothing less but a cute fantasy construction of the 1800's Romanticism influenced egyptology

In the above Spell 125 screenshot from Wikipedia's page on the Book of the Dead list of spells, only the highlighted part can be traced to genuine ancient Egyptian writings : the Weighing of the Heart part is a pure construction from the early 1800's first egyptologists and their fantasized vision of the ancient World. A cute story doesn't make it authentic. Unfortunately, the Romanticism of the 19th century has polluted the entire vision of this ancient time, and the Weighing of the Heart is probably the one part that had to suffer the most from this ideology.

There isn't even one single heart on any of the Weighing of the Heart reliefs or drawings.

From List of Book of the Dead spells on wikipedia : "This spell describes the Weighing of the Heart judgement ritual. The deceased is led by Anubis into the presence of Osiris, and there makes a 'negative confession', saying that he is innocent of a list of 42 crimes, in front of 42 judges. His heart is then weighed against a feather, representing truth, justice, and the goddess Ma'at. If he is innocent, he is led to Osiris; a demon called Ammut, the Devourer, stands by to eat the heart of the guilty."

 

The peeing baboon is the key element of the Weighing of the Heart : he is the one controlling the equilibrium of the scale with his right arm, and he is doing it by (peeing) pouring water into the small jar at the equilibrium point of the scale.

 

Weighing of the Heart judgment of the Dead in the Book of the Dead of 'merchant' Kenna. Papyrus in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden, Netherlands. Google Art Project : https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/book-of-the-dead-of-kenna-unknown/egEHQ9VZUYIVAg

 

20.04  The baboon is the key element of the Weighing of the Heart : he is the one controlling the equilibrium of the scale.

Baboons are the key element of the Weighing of the Heart representations, and nobody is ever talking about them even if they are present pretty much in every single one of them, most of the time standing on top of the scale's central post.

The baboon represented in the Weighing of the Heart of the Book of the Dead of Kenna (papyrus in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden, Netherlands), is unique, because it clearly shows the role of the Baboon in these scenes.

Look at how meticulous he is holding the horizontal beam of the scale : the Baboon is the one controlling the equilibrium of the scale.

But of course, Baboons are nothing less than metaphors, and they are about water.

We've already seen that snakes like Apep or Atum were water metaphors, but they were about pressurized water.

Here, the Baboons are just about plain water, as shown in so many water clocks : Baboon = Water

 

20.05  The extra layers on the original hidden meaning by ancient Egyptians themselves and 1800's egyptologists

Not only what is really depicted in the Weighing of the Heart artistic representations doesn't fit with the description made by egyptologists today, but I still didn't find any evidence of the act of having to physically weigh any heart in spell 125 : there is no such thing.

The Weighing of the Heart story that is made today only comes from false interpretation of the drawings, paints and reliefs that are representing the weighing scenes.

The thing is that it doesn't even really matter if Spell 125 describes the weighing of the heart or not. We've seen with the Dendera Light Bulbs that ancient Egyptians had perfectly represented the fog of microdroplets that created the cold, its oblong shape adjusting with the horizontal passage's own shape, but they also created a complete new myth about the creation of the universe as a disguise, that they could have presented to their people.

So, did ancient Egyptians themselves created the Weighing of the Heart story, another myth to present to people to explain the scale scientific and technological artistic representations or was it the first egyptologists in the early 1800's who came up with the story, I don't know. It looks like it is a "modern" thing, but it doesn't really matter, does it? 

 

The Weighing of the Heart Justice scene ceremony in the sarcophagus chamber of the tomb of Baennentiu, Qarat Qasr Salim, el-Bahriya depression, Libyan desert, Egypt. Photograph courtesy of Roland Unger and posted on Wikipedia : "Justice scene: tomb owner Baennentiu conducted by Maat, Anubis and Horus with scales, Thoth, right wall in the sarcophagus chamber of the tomb of Baennentiu.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/BawitiSelimBanentiuSanctRight.jpg

 

20.06  The peeing Baboon is controlling the equilibrium of the scale with water

The Weighing of the Heart Justice scene in the sarcophagus chamber of the tomb of Baennentiu is unique because it shows a baboon peeing into the jar that is connected to the equilibrium point of the scale.

This is to my knowledge the most explicit description of the real meaning of the small jar : it is a water jar. In no other draw or relief of the scene, is such a thing represented. The baboon is peeing into the jar!

We can probably assume that the peeing baboon in the tomb of Baennentiu is the same one, so to speak, that the baboon in the papyrus of the Judgment of the Dead of Kenna : both have the same raised controlling of the equilibrium of the scale arm.

One is controlling the equilibrium of the scale and the other one is peeing into the small jar.

We can assume that if they are the same baboon, then this is the peeing baboon who is controlling the equilibrium of the scale.

In other words, the small amount of water in the small jar is controlling the equilibrium of the scale.

 

The idea that Baboons are another metaphor of water is also reinforced by the representations of the god of the annual inundation of the Nile on canopic jars : Hapi is depicted on these jars as a Baboon. In brief : Baboon = Hapi = Water from the Nile.

 

20.07  Ancient Egyptian baboons are all about water • 1 : the canopic jars of Hapi and the waterclocks

Canopic Jar Representing the Deity Hapy (Hapi, the god of the Nile), at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New-York : https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/543953

All blue Baboon (Moon God Thoth) at the Minneapolis Institute of Art, 7th - 6th century BCE :   https://collections.artsmia.org/art/126884/baboon-ancient-egyptian

Clepsydra or water clock with squatting baboon. Water within could drain from a hole between the baboons legs over a measured time. This object was likely a temple offering to the god Thoth in his role as overseer of knowledge and measurement." https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/572126

 

Apep, the Great Serpent Apophis, bound in Tomb KV9 in Egypt's Valley of the Kings, originally constructed for Pharaoh Ramesses V, 20th Dynasty: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KV9

 

20.08  Ancient Egyptian baboon representations are all about water • 2 : the merging tail with Apep

The tail of the Great Serpent Apep merging with the tail of the baboon indicates that Baboon = Snake = Water

Here Apep is represented constrained, it is the representation of the constraint of the pressurized water of the inclined well.

More on the Great Serpent Apep, the metaphoric representation and glorification of the pressurized waters of the inclined well : Section 5

 

Weighing of the Heart relief at the temple of Deir el Medina, in the interior of the Hathor Temple of ''Deir el-Medina'' ("City Monastery"), ancient Egyptian ''Set Maat'' ("Place of Truth") , in Theben-West near Luxor, Egypt.

 

20.09  There is no heart anywhere on any side of any scale of the Weighing of the Heart

The Baboon and the Jars / No Heart • 1 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Temple_of_Deir_el-Medina_Panorama.jpg

The Weighing of the Heart ceremony interpretations that we have today is the perfect example of the Romanticism influenced egyptologists of the early 1800's : there never is any heart on any scale in any Weighing of the Heart representations that we know of.

But because in numerous ancient Egyptian religious books, the Heart of the deceased person is so importantly discussed, firsts egyptologists came up with this so cute story about weighing the Heart of the deceased person.

Nowhere in these books is described such a cute Weighing of the Heart thing and nowhere in reliefs or art paintings showing the scale, is represented any Heart.

There is no heart anywhere, but in the dual Hapi representation : this is the only one occasion where we can see a Heart, and it is not a real heart, but what has become the Heart symbol.

We've seen that when ancient Egyptians talked about the heart, what they really had in mind was the Heart of the Great Pyramid.

They only compared their heart to the one of the Great Pyramid : the inclined well.

Their heart had to be as good as the inclined well.

 

20.10  The Baboon and the Jars / No Heart • 2 : https://www.flickr.com/photos/isawnyu/4545650911

Paintings from the tomb of Petosiris at Muzawaka (XII) courtesey of the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World.

 

20.11  The Baboon and the Jars / No Heart • 3 : https://www.flickr.com/photos/isawnyu/4546290998

Paintings from the tomb of Petosiris at Muzawaka (XII) courtesey of the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World.

 

20.12  The Baboon and the Jars / No Heart • 4 :  https://oi-idb.uchicago.edu/id/d5624b36-18dd-4724-94dd-583110080c57

Book of the Dead of Nesshutefnut (Papyrus Ryerson), Ptolemaic Period, ca 250 BCE at the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago.

 

The Weighing of the Heart in the sarcophagus chamber of the tomb of Baennentiu, Qarat Qasr Salim, el-Bahriya depression, Libyan desert, Egypt. Photograph courtesy of Roland Unger and posted on Wikipedia : "Justice scene: tomb owner Baennentiu conducted by Maat, Anubis and Horus with scales, Thoth, right wall in the sarcophagus chamber of the tomb of Baennentiu.

 

20.13  The peeing Baboon and the Jars / Still No Heart • 5 : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/BawitiSelimBanentiuSanctRight.jpg

 

20.14  There are always only 2 water jars and a feather on the scale, without any heart

Not only there is no heart on any of the scales of the 'Weighing of the Heart' scenes, but there is one element that is always present but nobody is talking about it, and that is the baboon.

Most of the time the baboon looks like a simple 'decoration' in the scene and it is most probably the main reason he has been disregarded.

The problem is that in the Justice scene from the tomb of Baennentiu, the baboon is depicted peeing into a jar that looks like the equilibrium point of the entire scene.

If this small jar is filled with water, then the exact same jar, only bigger that is on the scale is also filled with water.

 

The Geb, Shu and Nut scene (B). On this particular representation, please note that Shu (the god of dry warm air) had been substituted with a sailing ship powered by the wind (the air) ; and that Geb had also been substituted with what he is really about too : liquid water. Geb is water in its liquid form.

The baboon is the representation of god of the Nile Hapi and here, he is set into that same water of the Nile.

 

20.15  The Baboon into the water is connecting the Weighing of the Heart (A) with the Geb, Shu and Nut scene (B)

We've seen in Section 3 that the representations showing Geb, Shu and Nut in very unusual positions, were metaphorical representations of the water cycle between liquid water and evaporated water; the cycle that is the core of the evaporative cooling process that was the very essence of the Great Pyramid functioning.

If the Weighing of the Heart scene in the above picture is positioned right under the Geb, Shu and Nut scene, and with the Baboon in the sea, part of both scenes, then it means that they are both connected.

 

20.16  The meaning of the Weighing of the Heart is given by the Geb, Shu and Nut scene context

The context of the Weighing of the Heart ceremony is crucial to understand it, and this context is given on the above image showing the Geb, Shu and Nut scene.

We've already seen that this context scene is describing the water cycle between liquid water and evaporated water, the evaporative process being supported by dry air. This is why god Shu is supporting Nut : dry air is supporting humidity, dry air is charging himself with humidity.

The Geb/Shu/Nut scene is actually one way of representing the evaporation and condensation processes : it is about the endless cycle of that transformation.

We'll see that the 'Weighing of the Heart' scene is the quantitative aspect counterpart of the Geb/Shu/Nut scene : it is about the quantitative aspect of water evaporation and condensation processes and the limitation of that process due to the initial humidity rate of the air.

 

Section 3 • The Evaporative Cooling : the Amun, Geb, Shu, Nut and Tefnut glorifying metaphors

 

The "bubble" = the "Dendera Light" = the "egg" created by Atum and Thoth. Dendera Light, thanks to Kairoinfo4U on flickr : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/14525094039/in/photostream/

 

20.17  The creation of the egg by Thoth/Atum is the Dendera Light

"Thoth was the god of wisdom from Hermopolis in Middle Egypt. According to the Hermopolitan cosmology (which is best known from texts found at other sites), the eight primordial gods representing "hiddenness," "darkness," "formlessness" (?), and the "watery abyss" produced an egg that appeared at Hermopolis when the inundation subsided and from which the creator god appeared and brought everything else into being. When mentioned in the Heliopolitan Pyramid Texts, this creator god was Atum, but in the local Hermopolitan tradition he could have been Thoth."

Source : https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/ancient-religions/ancient-religion/thoth

This part about Thoth, who were often represented as a Baboon like Hapi, is very interesting because many things about how was created the evaporative cold.

It is mentioned eight primordial gods, and they are most probably referring to the eight crewmembers of the Hauling Beetle who were endlessly lifting up the impactor inside the Grand Gallery.

We've already seen that the "watery abyss" was referring to the waters of the inclined well, and the terms "hiddenness" and "darkness" could refer to both the Grand Gallery, the inclined well as well as the horizontal passage.

Then it is said that Atum and Thoth were born from an inundation and that they created from the watery abyss, an egg. That egg is the Dendera Light : the fog of microdroplets of liquid water that evaporated and created the cold.

 

The little jar is suspended to a feather and so is about the air. Book of the Dead of Anhay, frame 4. © The Trustees of the British Museum. The judgment of Anhay : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/image/1613642214

 

20.18  The small water jar suspended into the air is the equilibrium point of the scale

The Judgment of Anhay is precious because it maybe is the only representation of the Weighing of the Heart where the true importance of the little jar is clearly depicted : it is not on the central vertical post that the equilibrium is marked, but on that little water jar held by Anubis.

 

20.19  The main limitation of the evaporative process : the small amount of water already suspended into the air

Today, we need to adjust engine settings to assure the most efficient performances of our motors; in the Great Pyramid, the efficiency of the horizontal cooling passage was only depending on the initial quantity of water that was in the air at the start of the evaporative process : the more humid is the air before you want to force water to evaporate, and the less cold it is gonna get.

In other words : the small amount of water that is already in the air before the cooling will change how much water you'll be able to force into that air.

That small amount of water in the air, the humidity rate of the air is determining the efficiency of the process : it is determining the equilibrium of the evaporative cooling.

That small amount of water already in the air, is the meaning of the small jar at the equilibrium point of the scale.

We know that for sure, because this small jar held by Osiris in the above image of the Book of the Dead of Anhay, is actually suspended from a feather, very similar (or identical) to the feather of Shu, the god of dry and warm air (Section 3).

The small jar suspended from the feather = the small amount of water 'suspended' into the air.

 

Book of the Dead of Hunefer (Hw-nfr) showing Hunefer's judgement at the British Museum, London : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3

 

'Book of the Dead', Papyrus of Ani (frame 3): Ani's Judgment: the scene is the Hall of Judgment. EA10470,3 at the British Museum, in the Bloomsbury area of London : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA10470-3

Maat wearing the "feather of truth" thanks to Lunazagor : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maat.jpg

 

20.20  Maat is the result of the weighing process and can't be placed on one side of the scale

" Maat or Maʽat refers to the ancient Egyptian concepts of truth, balance, order, harmony, law, morality, and justice."

"After her role in creation and continuously preventing the universe from returning to chaos, her primary role in ancient Egyptian religion dealt with the Weighing of the Heart that took place in the Duat. Her feather was the measure that determined whether the souls (considered to reside in the heart) of the departed would reach the paradise of the afterlife successfully. In other versions, Maat was the feather as the personification of truth, justice, and harmony."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maat

The fact that Maat's primary role dealt with the Weighing of the Heart ant that it took place in the Duat is very interesting. We've just seen that the Weighing of the Heart was all about the transformation of liquid water into evaporated water, and that the equilibrium of this process was determined by the small amount of water already present into the air in which the transformation occurred.

If Maat is all about this process, then Maat is the glorification of this equilibrium between evaporation and condensation and the process of evaporation into the air itself.

If the emblem of goddess Maat is the same one than the feather of god of the air Shu, it is because Maat is all about the air and how much water it can sustain, depending on how much water is already in that air.

 

The idea that pharaohs used their scientific and technological knowledge to legitimate themselves as kings of Egypt and that they had to perform successful demonstrations will probably irritate many people, however pretty much the same idea is developed with the concept of Maat :

"So revered was the concept of Maat that Egyptian kings would often pay tribute to gods, offering small statues of Maat, indicating that they were successfully upholding the universal order".

 

20.21  The Hall of Two Truths in the Underworld is the evaporative cooling passage

In short, we know that Maat dealt with the Weighing of the Heart in the Duat, the ancient Egyptian Underworld, and that she actually represented the equilibrium between both liquid and evaporated water : two different phases of water.

"In the Duat, the Egyptian underworld, the hearts of the dead were said to be weighed against her single "Feather of Maat", symbolically representing the concept of Maat, in the Hall of Two Truths". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maat

"The Hall of Two Truths" is the evaporative cooling passage where the two phases of water created the cold.

 

'Book of the Dead', Papyrus of Ani (sheet 3): Ani's Judgment: the scene is the Hall of Judgment. © The Trustees of the British Museum : https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA10470-3

 

20.22  Ammit is about the questioning of the interest of operating the well

Now that we know the real meaning of the Weighing of the Heart is about evaporation of water, there is something that needs to be pointed out : if the efficiency of the evaporative process is depending on the humidity rate of the air that is injected into the cooling passage, the small amount of water that is already in the air, then it means there is a point where there wouldn't be any interest to operate the inclined well : the cooling process wouldn't be efficient enough.

Ammit is all about that questioning : is it worth operating the well, depending on the humidity of the air.

 

Draw of Ammit thanks to Jeff Dahl, on Wikipedia : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammit

Image from the burial chamber KV17 of Seti I, thanks to kairoinfo4U : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/36500349182/

 

20.23  Ammit is the representation of the 3 equipments that operated the well : the Taweret block, the impactor and the axle beam

The first thing that struck me about Ammit, is that his lower part is an hippopotamus, and we've seen in Section 6 that Taweret was also represented into an hippopotamus and that she was a metaphoric glorification of the sealing block of the well, the upper granite plug #3.

So, the Taweret hippopotamus being the lower part of the inclined well and the lower part of Ammit being also an hippopotamus, then it doesn't take a genius to realize that Ammit could be representing the inclined well itself.

Actually, Ammit is much more than just the inclined well : the two other parts of his body isn't about the well, but about the impactor and the axle beam with its holders.

We've already seen in Section 8 "The draining of the well", that the crocodile in the Burial chamber relief of the tomb of Seti I, KV17 in the Valley of the Kings, was a representation of the impactor that pushed the Taweret block that was the sealing block at the bottom of the functioning well. The crocodile is one of the many representations of the impactor and he is here depicting the entire sequence of events that released the Taweret block from its initial position in the well and triggered its draining at the end of the operation period of the pyramid.

We've also already seen in Section 11 "The Hidden Hauling Cavern of the Underworld", that cat and lion representations were about Aker, and the equipment that was set onto the upper platform of the Grand Gallery of the pyramid : the axle beam and its holders that were set into the eastern and western holes of the platform.

It means that Ammit, part hippopotamus, part crocodile and part lion is a metaphorical construction of the entire equipment that operated the inclined well.

Of course here, the hauling gantry beetle isn't represented. The hauling beetle was the equipment that would come next, if it was worth operating in the first place.

 

 

20.24  Was 42 the daily Heart rate of the Great Pyramid of Egypt?

We've already seen in previous Section 19 "The Churning of the Ocean Hindu myth" that when ancient Egyptians were talking about the Heart, they were referring to the heart of the Great Pyramid : the inclined well that functioned like a pulsating living heart.

In the crucial Spell 125 of the Egyptian Book of the Dead it is mentioned that the deceased person has to make a Negative Confession : "The Negative Confession (also known as The Declaration of Innocence) is a list of 42 sins which the soul of the deceased can honestly say it has never committed when it stands in judgment in the afterlife."

https://www.worldhistory.org/The_Negative_Confession/

Knowing that the whole Heart thing is about the inclined well, this number of 42 could be a very important data.

For some time know I evaluated the entire operating cycle duration of the Hauling beetle at something between 10 and 15 minutes, most of that time used to haul the impactor from its resting floating position in the well, up to the upper part of the Grand Gallery next to the top platform.

Let's say the entire team of the Grand Gallery was working 10 hours a day, from 8 am to 6 pm. With a 10 minutes cycle, it would have been possible for them to complete 60 cycles; and with a cycle of 15 minutes that number comes down to 40 cycles.

It means that working 10 hours a day, the Hauling beetle could have been able to complete 42 complete cycles of a little less of 15 minutes each, assuming the Beetle was never stopped being operated and that the crewmembers would have been regularly relayed.

In short, 42 cycles could have been the daily objective of the Hauling beetle crewmembers.

42 could have been the daily Heart rate of the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

 

20.25  The creation of the myths about the inclined well

It is very hard to imagine what really looked like the pyramid when operated, but certainly as I've already discussed many times in posts previous to 'The Pyramids of the Cold', the Great Pyramid wouldn't have been completed; it would have pretty much looked like the lower part of the Bent Pyramid, and if this Bent Pyramid is precisely in 2 parts, it must certainly has to be related to that lower Great Pyramid part for cold production.

But if the impactor hit the waters of the well every 15 minutes and if the Grand Gallery was somehow close to be in midair, the sound of the whole thing would have been heard probably kilometers away.

Everybody in ancient Giza would have been able to hear it, 10 hours a day, every 15 minutes for most probably a period of 4 months (Section 20). Residents of Giza would have heard it but also everybody coming to Giza from foreign countries : visitors, merchants, domestic and foreign dignitaries, etc.

Of course, the biggest impression would have been caused by the breaking of the Bes wedging block and the release of the Taweret block resulting in the tremendous shock with the Savior block (granite plug #2).

Everybody heard it, and everybody talked about it. This is how the inclined well inspired so many myths in the ancient World.

 

Hieroglyph signs thanks to Whynowagain : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_Egyptian_hieroglyphs#/media/File:CG_9422_B.svg

 

20.26  The truth about ancient hieroglyphs deciphering

Whoever is reading this, you certainly don't care, but I'm so pleased to have discovered how ancient Egyptians themselves called the evaporative cooling passage; because this passage was the start of my understanding of the Great Pyramid. Everything started in there, mid-January 2021, a year and a half and more than 2000 hours of hard work ago, with the vertical expansion joints and the fine sand lining behind the small blocks… the Hall of Two Truths ! Jesus, it's so beautiful !

The "Hall of Two Truths", or whatever the real original meaning is; because even if egyptologists are claiming that hieroglyphic text deciphering has been resolved, they are most probably wrong.

Not only the only thing that is resulting in their deciphering are consonants, egyptologists don't get any vowel ever; but more important : the meaning of the hieroglyphic sign isn't taken in consideration at all, they are only interested in the sound that every sign is associated to. Today, a typical hieroglyphic text deciphering looks like that (without any punctuation either) : hntrblkdfpmpbnrt.

Then, in between all these consonants, some vowels would be added here and there, partly depending on the mood of the moment (I'm only overstating a little about the mood, I guess).

The thing is that egyptologists don't care of the meaning of any of the about 1000 different hieroglyphs, and that is crazy : if it was only about sounds there wouldn't have been about 1000 signs created!

Each and every one of the hieroglyphs meaning has to be taken in consideration : when we'll understand the real meaning of every sign, then we'll be able to really decipher the hieroglyphs.

It also has to be pointed out that hieroglyphic language wasn't the only language ancient Egyptians could rely on : hieroglyphs are cryptographic signs, they were designed precisely to hide things that weren't supposed to be understood by the people. Only "priests" and the chosen ones could really have understood the language of the gods.

 

 

20.27  Operating diagram of the Great Pyramid of Giza in operation : its internal layout is the ancient Egyptian Underworld

Updated August 7, 2022 with a better representation of the bottom of the inclined well (the empty space between the real granite plug block #1 and the Taweret sealing block of the well, granite block #3) and the lower face to face girdle stones section.

Also added : the "Underworld Hall of Two Truths" as the evaporative cooling passage, where water in liquid phase evaporated itself to transform into vapor phase and the Hidden chamber as the Queen's chamber.

It is only for the shutdown procedure of the pyramid and the draining of the well, that the Taweret block had been released by applying more water pressure in the well, resulting in the breaking of the fragile and thin upper part of the Bes wedging block. Only then could the waters of the well have escape from it through the dormant draining hole into the Al-Mamun cavity which collected and redirected the water towards the subterranean chamber.

'Ji' is the Junction imprint that is connecting the pressurized waters of the inclined well to the evaporative cooling passage.

 

20.28  The internal layout of the Great Pyramid = the ancient Egyptian Underworld

The King's chamber = Hapi's cavern in the Philae temple, creating the very first snake (snake = water)

The Grand Gallery = the "Secret Hauling Cavern"

The Ascending Passage = the inclined well, home of the Great Serpent Apep (the pressurized waters of the well)

The Horizontal Passage = the "Hall of Two Truths" (the evaporative cooling passage filled with two phases of water, liquid and vapor)

The Queen's Chamber = the "Hidden Chamber" of the Underworld

 

​ Section 11 • The Grand Gallery : the Hidden Hauling Cavern of the Underworld

 

20.29  Summary of the study : hidden behind the academic vision of the ancient Egyptian religion, a vast number of metaphors are describing some of the most advanced science and technological knowledge of that time : ancient Egyptian gods were nothing else than pharaohs' metaphoric self-glorifications of their theoretical and experimental scientific accomplishments in physics and chemistry.

Pharaohs used the power of Science to legitimate themselves as kings of Egypt : they forged an entire religion, based on science to rule their kingdom, and they presented that science as Magic.

The end game of this technological program that probably started on the very first Dynasty, was the Great Pyramid of Giza where evaporative cooling was engineered in the known part of the pyramid from the pressurized water produced in the inclined well, known today as the ascending passage.

The evaporative cold simply took advantage of the power of water, and was most probably necessary to cool down chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate produced by an ammonia-soda Solvay process, as suggested by the very strong ammonia smell and the limestone kiln in the so-called burial chamber of the Red Pyramid. At that time, sodium carbonate was called natron, and it was the salt used for the mummification of the pharaohs (Sections 14, 15 and 16).

The cooling seems to have represented the most difficult part of the process, as suggested by the Step Pyramid's official name : according to scholars, the very first pyramid complex, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, was called "the refreshment of the Gods". No doubt that a more accurate translation would certainly be "the cooling of the Gods".

It means that ancient Egyptians were the first civilization to master a Solvay-like process for sodium carbonate manufacturing, long before it got reinvented in the 1800's in Europe. The key elements of that process is the temperature control of the chemical reactions (the cooling), and the dome shaped plate necessary for the counterflow chemical reactions to occur in an efficient way. That counterflow reaction plate is what really is the disc of Sabu.

As shown with Akhenaten and Nefertiti, the creation of the evaporative cold was the most sacred accomplishment of all (Section 17), and this is exactly what the Dendera Light is all about : the Dendera Light is the fog of microdroplets of liquid water that evaporates and creates the cold. Talking about the snake inside the Dendera Light Bulb : "The field surrounding Ra’s snake form is referred to in ancient Egyptian literature as protective magical energy in liquid form that all gods and pharaohs possess" (Faulkner, Section 2).

Everything that had been done in the Great Pyramid of Giza inspired most of the ancient Egyptian religion, and it had been glorified into what we know today as the Underworld.

The Underworld is referring to the chambers and passages of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and in particular to the Grand Gallery where a hauling gantry beetle operated a wooden coffin shaped impactor that had a small nested granite block inside it. The impactor generated endlessly, over and over, maybe every 15 minutes the pressurized water that was then transformed into a fog of microdroplets inside the horizontal cooling passage.

The Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid where the act of hauling was done, is the "Secret Hauling Cavern of the Underworld" described in the Amduat "Book of the Hidden Chamber".

The most important chamber of the Great Pyramid wasn't the King's chamber that only was the main water tank of the pyramid, but the Queen's chamber, the only one on the central axis of the pyramid. Because the Queen's chamber was inaccessible from the rest of the pyramid, it was glorified into the "Hidden Chamber of the Underworld" (Section 11), and because the Queen's chamber was the coolest place in the pyramid (about 5°C / 41°F), and with a constant 100% Humidity rate, this chamber was the one where the biggest amount of very hard salt encrustation had been documented by the first explorers of the pyramid in the 1800's and before it had been removed in 1998 by Zahi Hawass (Section 1). Very hard salt encrustation is the signature of the evaporative cooling process, even nowadays.

The most incredible thing is that pretty much everything I've just said, actually appears in one single myth, but it doesn't originate from ancient Egypt : it is the "Churning of the Ocean" Hindu myth that produces the immortal nectar Amrita. The fact is that the endless churning of water that ends up with the production of an elixir that gives eternal life, is exactly what were doing ancient Egyptians in the inclined well : natron was the salt used for the mummification of pharaohs.

Natron gave eternal life to pharaohs, just like the Amrita (Section 19).

 

Section 12 • The Grand Gallery : the Hauling Beetle designed for 8+2 crewmembers

 

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Distinguished British men of science 1807-1808 assembled in the library of the Royal Institution, London. Mezzotint by W. Walker and G. Zobel after F. Skill and W. Walker, ca. 1860, after Sir J. Gilbert. The library at Wellcome Collection. https://wellcomecollection.org/works/t9jgbf8r/images?id=e9xkt35r

 

19.01  The 1800's Romanticism misguided vision of the ancient World

I hesitated for a long time before writing down this post, because the more things I discover about the ancient World, the most opposition I'll get. Everything we know of ancient times need to be revisited, completely revisited.

The problem about this period is that everything that had been written on the subject, is only based on the first assumptions made in the early 1800's : nothing had been proved wrong, nothing had been modified. Every historian simply added his own layer over the initial description of the ancient World.

The original sin about historians from the 1800's is that they fantasized an entire vision of the ancient World with very few data but with the boundless Romanticism ideology of their time. This fantasy has been in progress for over 200 years and it is still in effect today.

How could the Great Pyramid be a tomb for a pharaoh when there is absolutely no decoration anywhere in the structure? How the granite "sarcophagus" could have been designed for the pharaoh's body when there is, again no decoration anywhere on it? How could Nut be the goddess of the sky when her emblem is a water pot?

 If the Great Pyramid would have been designed as a tomb, there would have been a town built all around it, so that people could worship and protect the pharaoh anytime. Nobody will ever have accepted to let pharaoh all alone in the dark at night when everybody else would stay together, secured inside the town boundaries, something like one kilometer away from him. Paraphrasing a popular expression "The church must be at the centre of village life".

What kind of structure do we build away from town? Production plants and industrial zones ! And that is precisely what the Great Pyramid was : a Solvay plant for sodium carbonate (natron) and sodium bicarbonate manufacturing.

We are in 2022 and the vision of the ancient World we have today is the exact same vision that had been fantasized in the 1800's, when at the same time, every other field of Human knowledge had been corrected and improved about a thousand times. What are we waiting for to truly pay tribute to our ancestors?

 

Ancient Egyptian amulet similar to E 12977, https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010012629

Thousand lingas river, Kbal Spean, Cambodia, by BluesyPete : https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LingamCambodge2.JPG

 

19.02  A profound Change of Civilization Event that impacted the whole ancient World

We've already seen in Section 7 about ancient Egyptian god Bes, that the Great Pyramid had a tremendous impact outside Egyptian borders : modern Maori rugby players performing the Haka ceremonial dance are actually reproducing everything about Bes : 1/ His unmovable posture, 2/ His tongue out (the spitting metaphor), and 3/ His controversial cutting of the head gesture, because Bes was a metaphoric representation of the wedging block that immobilized the Taweret block, the bottom of the inclined well when the pyramid was in operation before the draining of the well shutdown procedure.

What ancient Egyptians accomplished during the first four Dynasties was a profound Change of Civilization Event : the whole world had to hear about it. It must have been so powerful and inspiring that it would have impacted ancient mythology all over the world, like it had in what is now New-Zealand and the Maori culture.

But ancient Egyptian accomplishments in physics and chemistry also had to inspire other civilizations in the ancient World, and it really is what happened in ancient Asia : the "Churning of the Ocean of Milk" and the Shiva Lingams of Hindu mythology are directly inspired by the Great Pyramid of Giza, and they are still worshiped today by hundreds of millions of people.

 

19.03  The copy-paste similarities between ancient Egypt and Hindu mythology [1] : the Thousand Lingas river

The impact and influence of ancient Egypt spread all over the world, as demonstrated by the above flooded carving in the "thousand Lingas river" in Cambodia. The similarities with the Egyptian "offering table amulet" are striking, even the 5 discs inside the structure are a perfect match. If we look closely, the 8 items on the "table" (2 baboons, 2 "masts", 2 dogs, one frog and one man) are also corresponding to the 8 outer discs on the Hindu interpretation.

 

The creation of Brahma. In Vaishnava Puranic scriptures, Brahma emerges on a lotus from Vishnu's navel as Vishnu (Mahavishnu) creates the cosmic cycle. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma#/media/File:Sheshashayi_Vishnu.jpg

God of the annual inundation of the Nile Hapi, creating the first snake with his own water (snake = water), in the Isis temple, North wall of the Gate of Hadrian, Philae, Egypt : http://www.temples-egypte.net/philae/hadrien/paroiNord/registreMilieu.html

 

19.04  The copy-paste similarities between ancient Egypt and Hindu mythology [2] : The Hindu reinterpretation of ancient Egyptian god of the Nile Hapi into Vishnu

Vishnu sitting onto the body of a great snake and positioned like he is protected by it, isn't the only god of the ancient World who is depicted in this exact same position : god of the Nile Hapi, in a relief in the Isis temple at Philae, is doing it too.

What is striking is that on the above set of images, pretty much everything is representing water : ancient Egyptian god of the Nile Hapi is water, Hindu gods Vishnu and Brahma are water and the snakes on which they are sited on are also water. Like usual, Hindu mythology is showing a lot more than its original Egyptian counterpart : water is also represented as it is, without the use of any metaphor.

 

Figure of Kurma, the Tortoise incarnation of Vishnu in the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology at the University of Oxford, England : http://jameelcentre.ashmolean.org/collection/7/10230/10264/all/per_page/50/offset/0/sort_by/seqn./object/11166

Kurmavatara, tortoise incarnation of Vishnu, from Garhwa, Prayagraj District : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Kurmavatara_%28tortoise_incarnation_of_Vishnu%29%2C_from_Garhwa%2C_Allahabad_District.jpg

 

19.05  Vishnu getting out of the Tortoise's mouth is a reinterpretation of pressurized water ejected from the well

What is incredible on the above figure of Kurma, the Tortoise incarnation of Vishnu, at the Ashmolean Museum, is that the shell of the Tortoise is a perfect copy of the Heart shape element on which ancient Egyptian god of the Nile is stepping on the sema-tawy motif, the union of "Lower and Upper Egypt".

If this Heart shape element is the representation of the inclined well, because of its heart-like functioning, then the Tortoise is also a representation of the Heart/inclined well.

Because the inclined well was producing pressurized water, then what is getting out of the Tortoise's mouth is pressurized water.

Vishnu is pressurized water, getting out of the inclined well. In other words, Vishnu is a reinterpretation of ancient Egyptian god Atum.

 

In Vaishnava Puranic scriptures, Brahma emerges on a lotus flower from Vishnu's navel as Vishnu (Mahavishnu) creates the cosmic cycle. Shaivite texts describe that Shiva told Vishnu to create, Shiva ordered Vishnu to make Brahma : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma. Dendera Light photograph thanks to Kairoinfo4U and posted on flickr : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/14525094039/in/photostream/

 

19.06  The creator Hindu god Brahma and the lotus flower

"Brahma (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मा, romanized: Brahmā) is a Hindu god, referred to as "The Creator" within the Trimurti, the trinity of supreme divinity that includes Vishnu, and Shiva. He is associated with creation, knowledge, and the Vedas. Brahma is prominently mentioned in creation legends."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma

We've seen that Vishnu is referring to water in liquid form because he is the reinterpretation of god of the annual inundation of the Nile Hapi, but Vishnu is also creating Brahma out of the Lotus flower. This is the post about the Dendera Light all over again : the Creation is about the fog of microdroplets and the evaporative cold.

If Brahma is in the air, it is because Brahma is water in its evaporated form.

Of course, again, everything here has to be taken metaphorically. I'm not saying that Hindu mythology is the same thing as the ancient Egyptian religion. The Hindu mythology is a complete reinterpretation; the creator god Brahma is not "really" water in its evaporated form.

I'm just interested in finding out the real origin of things, the real foundation on which they were built. From these foundations, Hindus did construct an entire new mythology, that simply originates in ancient Egypt with the Great Pyramid.

 

The same way Atum is producing the evaporative fog of microdroplets through the lotus flower, and so creating the cold (the fog = Amun), Vishnu is also creating Brahma through the lotus flower.

If Vishnu = Atum, then Brahma = Amun

 

Everything about the "Churning of the Ocean" Hindu myth is inspired by ancient Egyptian God of the Nile Hapi, who was creating a snake out of his own water. The snake in the Churning of the Ocean is Vasuki, Lord Shiva's snake.

"Vāsuki took part in the incident of Samudra manthana by allowing both the devas and the asuras to bind him to Mount Mandara, so that they could use him as their churning rope to extract the Amrita from the ocean of milk". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasuki

 

19.07  The copy-paste similarities between ancient Egypt and Hindu mythology [3] : the Churning of the Ocean of Milk

We've seen that the entire ancient Egyptian religion was only about the glorification of the scientific and technological accomplishments in physics and chemistry, and that the whole story could be summarized as follows : natron was manufactured for the mummification of the pharaoh in order to assure him eternal life, and the key point of the process was the cooling of the chemical manufacturing reactions. Water was used for the cooling, but not directly : evaporative cooling was created after the pressurization of the water of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid, using an impactor, endlessly pounding the waters.

The fact is that everything I've just said here, actually does appear in one single myth that every historian knows about. But there is a catch, a little twist : this myth doesn't come from Egypt, but from Hinduism, and it is the Churning of the Ocean of Milk, the Samudra Manthana.

 

19.08  The Churning of the Ocean of Milk [1] : Summary of the myth

"Hindu history also contains a story about the churning of the Cosmic Ocean in order to obtain Amrita – the nectar of immortal life. At the suggestion of Vishnu, the devas and asuras churn the primeval ocean in order to obtain Amrita which will guarantee them immortality. To churn the ocean they used the Serpent, Vasuki, for their churning-string. For a churning pole they used Mount Mandara placed on the back of a Great Tortoise – the Kurma Avatar of Vishnu. As the gods and demons churned the sea, the terrible poison Halahala issued from its depths and began to envelop the universe with its choking fumes. Gasping for breath, the devas and asuras sought the help of Shiva, who valiantly took the poison into his throat and swallowed it. Shocked by his heroic act, the Goddess Parvati grasped him by the throat, trapping the poison there and preventing it from spreading; but, such was the strength of the poison, that it turned his neck blue, thereby earning him the name of Neelakantha (blue-throated one)."   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kshira_Sagara

 

The churning process is about applying pressure on a vertical axis : Hindu gods and demons aren't trying to rotate the churning axis, they are just replicating Hapi's gesture applying pressure with the foot and containing it with the hand. Canadian farm girl churning butter, 1893 by Bayley, W. Braybrooke, 1857-1939, on Wikipedia (Churning butter) : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churning_(butter), image from Library and Archives Canada (reproduction reference number PA-126654)

The churning of the ocean of milk, Cambodia, Prasat Phnom Da, Angkor vat style, first half of the XIIth century, sandstone. Musée Guimet, Paris (Barattage de l'ocean de lait, Cambodge). Image courtesy of Ddalbiez : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:Barattage_de_l%27ocean_de_lait.jpg

 

19.09  The Churning of the Ocean of Milk [2] : The Overheating and Sequential Water Cooling references

"When gods and demons started churning the Ocean of Milk to obtain the elixir of life (Amrita), the first thing that came out of it was Halahala or Kalakuta. It is a very lethal poison. This poison is so dangerous that it could annihilate all the creation. Therefore, gods and demons requested Lord Shiva to drink it, as he was the only one who could do it. Lord Shiva granted their request and drank the poison, but if the poison had spread in his body, it would have been very painful for him. Therefore, Goddess Parvati stopped the poison at his throat before it entered his body by placing her hands over. Even though the Halahala is in the throat of Lord Shiva, it produces a lot of heat in his body. Therefore, Lord Vishnu ordered gods to pour water on Lord Shiva to reduce the heat in his body. Therefore, to reduce heat in his body and soothe his pain, a vessel full of water is always hung over a Shiva Linga, and water drops 24×7 on it." https://www.hinduismfacts.org/why-are-water-drops-made-to-drip-on-a-shiva-linga/

This is a perfect metaphoric description of the overheating Solvay process that ancient Egyptians had to face off : to produce the substance that would give immortal life to pharaoh (like the Amrita elixir of life), they designed the Great Pyramid to create cold, using the power of water in a magical way : evaporative cooling.

It is important to note that the cooling was not continuous : it was a sequential process. Maybe every 10 or 15 minutes, the impactor pressurized the inclined well waters and created the cold, without ever stopping, probably for weeks or months.

What is incredible is that the Churning of the Ocean myth is perfectly accurate also on this particular aspect : it is not said that water had to be constantly poured on a Shiva Linga, but only drop after drop and 24x7, without ever stopping.

 

The Churning of the Ocean of Milk Hindu myth, showing Mount Mandara on top of Kurma (Vishnu as a tortoise). Gods are on the left : Brahma with four heads, then Vishnu (blue), Shiva (white) and four over gods. On the right are the 10 asura demons holding the head of the great snake Vasuki.

Source Gallica / Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Estampes et photographie : https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55007286v/f63.item

 

19.10  The uprooted Mount Mandara is the Great Pyramid made of quarried stone blocks

"The Samudra Manthana (Sanskrit: समुद्रमन्थन; lit. 'churning of the ocean') is a major episode in Hindu mythology that is elaborated in the Vishnu Purana, a major text of Hinduism. The Samudra Manthana explains the origin of the elixir of eternal life, amrita. The churning of the Ocean of Milk was an extensive process: Mount Mandara was uprooted and used as the churning rod." Also : "While carrying the massive mountain, several devas and asuras fell to their deaths and some perished due to sheer exhaustion."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samudra_Manthana

The reason that explains Mount Mandara was the Great Pyramid, is the fact that it had been described as "uprooted" : blocks were taken out of a massive mountain, and put somewhere else. It is a perfect metaphor of the quarried stone blocks used to build the pyramid.

"Mount Mandara was used as the churning rod" indicates that it represents the structure used to achieve the act of churning : again, it indicates that Mount Mandara is the Great Pyramid.

 

The recreation of the fog of microdroplets of the Great Pyramid, with a cloud of ashes, in the Savan Somwar Hindu ritual. Video 1 (thanks to nittivijay) : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_1pu39kPfc&t=82s

 

19.11  The ash cloud recreation of the fog of microdroplets of the Great Pyramid is the culmination of modern Hindu rituals

If you haven't already seen a traditional Hindu ritual, well I guess you're probably gonna be stunned, almost shocked, amazed and fascinated, like I was the first time I discovered this kind of ritual were still performed today.

The above screenshot comes from a video where ash is thrown upon a Shiva Linga, so that a cloud of ash is created and fills the entire sanctum.

I may be wrong here, but I think that this cloud of ashes, that is the culmination of the entire ritual, is produced in the sole purpose to recreate the mist of microdroplets that was created into the Horizontal passage of the Great Pyramid to create evaporative cold. In other words, the meaning of the Ash Ritual, is not to put any ash onto the Shiva Linga, but to create the ash cloud in the air. 

That explains why the Shiva Linga (or Shivlinga) is veiled with a cloth for that part of the ritual : the ashes are only meant to fill the air.

The whole point of the Churning of the Ocean / Churning of the waters of the inclined well, was to produce that mist, that fog, that cloud.

Ancient Egyptians represented this fog in the Dendera temples in its original oblong shape, the Dendera Light bulbs, and Hindus are reproducing it the best they can, with ashes.

Please, watch the video (this is a very short one, 1 minute).

 

19.12  "Bhasm Aarti at Mahakaleshwar, Ujjain. A Divine Experience not to be Missed"*

"Ujjain, located on the banks of river Shipra is a beautiful temple town and home to one of the 12 jyotirlingas- Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga. The word Mahakaleshwar means 'the lord of time' and according to Hindu beliefs, Lord Shiva is the God of time. 

A unique ritual associated with the temple is Bhasm Aarti which begins every day at 4 am. People from all walks of life visit Ujjain with a desire of beholding this lifetime experience. The early morning peaceful and calm environment at the temple is what fills you with immense positivity.

In the past, Bhasm Aarti was performed with ash from the first funeral pyre cremated at night. But with the changing times, this practice has changed and fresh ash is prepared from cow dung.  

The process begins with the 'Abhishek' or the ritual bath of the shivling then smearing it with multiple offerings like curd, honey, sandal paste and finally cleaning it with milk and water. Further, the Shivling is decorated with elaborate arrangements of flowers and especially the Bel leaves that are considered to be very dear to Lord Shiva are also offered.

The process however doesn't end here. There is more to witness even before the ash ritual is performed. Through the application of various substances, the shivlinga is transformed into a divine face and then further embellished with garlands.

After this hour-long process of bathing and decorating the idol comes the most-awaited and interesting part associated with this first aarti of the day. The entire shivlinga is veiled with a cloth in a manner that the decoration is not disturbed. Thereafter, the head priest swings the ash-filled pouch on the shivling. The entire sanctum is filled with clouds of ash covering the shivling in the grey dust. This process of sprinkling ash on the Shivling lasts a minute. 

This is followed by performing Aarti with lit oil lamps, the clanging of bells, and the chants of 'Om Namah Shivay' and 'Har Har Mahadev'. When you are able to witness this entire process and the aarti starts, you just feel that you have experienced one of the most beautiful things in life."

*Thanks to Madhya Pradesh Tourism : https://www.mptourism.com/bhasm-aarti-at-mahakaleshwar-and-ujjain.html

 

Long video of the entire Mahakal Bhasm Aarti Hindu ritual, thanks to Boom Bhole Digital (Bhaavna Israni).

Video 2 (the ash ritual starts at 14.45) : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfULEEzBUmE

 

19.13  The Bhasm Aarti at Ujjain's Mahakaleshwar Temple*

"Mahakaleshwar temple at Ujjain, in the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, is an important pilgrimage place for Hindus as it's said to be one of the 12 Jyotirlingas (most sacred abodes of Shiva). It's also regarded as one of the top 10 Tantra temples of India, and has the only bhasm aarti (ash ritual) of its kind in the world.

The unique thing about this aarti is the inclusion of bhasm, which is ash from funeral pyres, as one of the offerings. Mahakaleshwar is a name for Lord Shiva and means the god of Time or Death. This may be one of the reasons for the inclusion of the funeral ash.

The entire aarti lasts for about 45 minutes to an hour. The first part of the aarti, while the shringar is done, is sublime and well worth the scramble. However, the actual bhasm part — which is often hyped to no end — lasts only about a minute and a half.

During this crucial minute and a half that you wait to watch from 2 a.m., women are asked to cover their eyes. It's important to note that the bhasm being used is no longer from funeral pyres but actually just vibhuti – the sacred ash used in most temples, sometimes made from powdered cow dung.

After the Lord is adorned in the bhasm, the actual aarti begins, with the offering of the lamps. The aarti is usually accompanied by chants of praises to the Lord."

*Article by Sharell Cook (06/26/2019) and posted on https://www.tripsavvy.com/mahakaleshwar-temple-at-ujjain-guide-1539494

 

19.14  Are the four holy months of Chaturmas referring to the operating time of the Great Pyramid?

If everything about Hindu mythology has been built on the ancient Egyptian operating of the Great Pyramid, maybe it is gonna be possible to find some clues on how long and when was the pyramid really operated, in other words, how long and when was the evaporative cold created.

Contrary to ancient Egyptians, Hindus didn't hide things so much : they didn't hide the fact that everything was centered on water. In Hindu mythology, everything is about water. During rituals, including the Bhasm Aarti at Ujjain's Mahakaleshwar Temple, water is poured on the Shiva Linga many times and some Lingas had even been carved in the rocky bottom of some sacred rivers.

Hindu mythology is also perfectly describing the functioning of the inclined well with the Churning of the Ocean metaphor. So, when I stumbled on the Chaturmas thing, I got pretty interested.

Beginning the day of Harishayini Ekadashi in June/July, Hindus in Nepal and India mark a special period dedicated to Lord Vishnu and his embodiments for the next four months until the day of Haribodhini Ekadashi in October/November, and it is known as the Chaturmas (literally, four months). Source : onlinekhabar.com

 

What if these 4 holy months are referring to the actual operating time of the Great Pyramid?

From a strict calendar point of view, it would be possible, because we know that the pyramid was supplied exclusively with the water of the Nile during the annual inundation, and that this inundation started in July, like the Chaturmas does today.

 

19.15  How long and how many times was the Great Pyramid functioning?

The question now would be to know if the Great Pyramid was used just one single time for a period of about 4 months, or on the contrary, if it was operated for many years.

Personally, and because the pyramid had such an enormous impact on the ancient World (the Maoris and the Hindus, at least), I'll tend to rule out the unique operating time hypothesis. In my opinion, it is even possible that the pyramid was used over many generations. It doesn't imply that the operating occurred every year, but why not every single pharaoh, had to operate the pyramid at least one time during his kingdom, to prove that he was legitimate to rule Egypt?

 

Shiva Linga at Sahasralinga, near Sirsi. Sahasralinga is a pilgrimage place, located around 14 km from the Sirsi Taluk in the district of Uttara Kannada of Karnataka state in India. It is in the river Shalmala and is famous for being the location where around a thousand lingas are carved on rocks in the river and on its banks (source Wikipedia : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahasralinga). Video by High Level Computing, screenshot at 4.49  : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jlxpIYKE1ho

 

19.16  Shiva Lingam is the association of the Bes wedging block that protected the dormant drain hole of the well, with the representation of the draining of the well itself, the Sa symbol

What I'm saying about Hindu mythology being a complete reinterpretation of the ancient Egyptian religion that was mostly entirely based on the operating of the Great Pyramid, doesn't mean it is simply a copy.

On the contrary, a reinterpretation means that Hinduism completely distanced itself from its Egyptian origin, even if everything about Hinduism can be traced and explained by ancient Egypt.

For example, one of the most important act of worship that is still done today, is about putting water, milk or butter onto the Shiva Linga, the representation of Shiva. The fact is that without even knowing it, Hindus are reproducing the draining of the inclined well of the pyramid.

We've seen that Maori rugby players were already reproducing a crucial part of the functioning of the inclined well by mimicking the Bes wedging block that immobilized the bottom of the well Taweret block, and this is not surprising because the well, the Heart of the pyramid would have been one of its most important part.

Hindus putting water onto the Shiva representation are also in some ways, worshiping Bes. The protruding block of the Shiva Lingam is Bes, and  the Yoni part is a Sa symbol.

We've already seen that the Sa symbol was a representation of the draining of the well, and that ancient Egyptians themselves believed that it was giving birth to water.

In summary, Shiva Lingam are the association of the Bes wedging block that protected the dormant drain hole of the well, with the representation of the draining of the well itself, the Sa symbol.

 

Hatshepsut’s birth scene, from Édouard Naville "The Temple of Deir el Bahari" (London, 1896), vol. 2, pl. 50. Image courtesy of the University Library Heidelberg, The Ebony shrine, northern half of the middle platform : https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/naville1896bd2/0050

 

19.17  The meaning of the Sa symbol

It is important to understand that during the entire operation of the Great Pyramid, hence the creation of the evaporative cold, the bottom of the inclined well was what is now known as the upper granite plug. That crucial block has been deified into the goddess Taweret and was like suspended in mid-air, blocked by a smaller granite block set in the floor of the ascending passage : the wedging block that was deified into the deity Bes. Sections 6, 7, 8 and 9.

 

Magical Stela or Cippus of ancient Egyptian god Horus the Child "The Savior", 332–280 B.C.E (Ptolemaic Period) from the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New-York : https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/545766

Draw of the Metternich stela, by E. A. Budge "The Gods of the Egyptians 2" (1904). Original at the Metropolitan Museum of Art : Magical Stela (Cippus of Horus), 360–343 B.C.E. Late Period https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/546037

 

19.18  Horus the Child is the Shock Absorber block of the inclined well : under Bes and without even touching the floor

Until today, I perfectly described Bes and Taweret as representations of the wedging block that maintained in position the bottom of the inclined well block. This couple stayed in place during the entire operating of the Great Pyramid. For the draining of the well, water height was augmented and the pressure broke the wedging block.

But if nothing had been done to stop Taweret, the block would have destroy the real bottom of the ascending passage and the descending passage would have been inoperable : the man that triggered the whole thing from the inside of the shelter of the grotto wouldn't have been able to exit the pyramid.

So, a shock absorber block had been implemented right under the Bes block. This so particular block would have just been set in position "free" so to speak : it was designed to move freely in the bottom of the passage and absorb the energy of Taweret, pushed by an enormous pressure due to water.

Another way of saying it, is that this absorber shock block wasn't touching the real floor of the well : from the inclined well point of view, this block was only in contact with its walls. The floor of the ascending passage is not the floor of the inclined well : it is just a wall.

So, the shock absorber block was set under Bes, and it didn't touch the floor so it could move freely against the walls of the well. Well, that is precisely what the Magical Stelae is all about : Horus the Child "The Savior" is set right under Bes' head and he doesn't touch the floor.

Horus the Child is shown striding on top of crocodiles because he wasn't suppose to touch the floor.

His epithet "The Savior" could be referring to the fact he protected the integrity of the well, or the man in the grotto in some way, or something else.

 

19.19  The water poured onto Magical Stelae…

In Section 19.13 I'm talking about the fact that ancient Egyptians used to hide things way better than the Hindu mythology did, but apparently something started to change in the very late period, and water started to be used in Egyptians rituals, pretty much the same way that water was used in the rituals.

" Cippi, or magical stelae, represent Horus’s healing from scorpion stings and snakebites in the marshes. Egyptians believed that a liquid poured over a magical stela could absorb and transfer the power of the stela’s spells and images to the worshipper. Traditional Egyptian magic and religion such as this thrived throughout the fourth and third centuries B.C.E. despite the largely non-Egyptian origin of the country’s rulers at that time." https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/3684

Could it be possible that because Egypt was ruled at that time mostly by pharaohs who weren't born in the country, that the constant use of water in Hindu rituals influenced Egyptian religion?

 

19.20  … and the vomiting serpent

We've seen in Section 5 that the Great Serpent Apep (Apophis) was the metaphoric glorification of the pressurized waters of the inclined well and that a small amount of it was redirected towards the evaporative cooling passage, every 10 or 15 minutes or so. That sequential ejection of pressurized water is exactly what is describing Magical Steala with the vomiting snake metaphor.

We also have here the same story than in the Churning of the Ocean : a god that is healing poison burn.

 

"The main function of the Metternich Stela was for the magical healing of poisons, mostly caused by animals. Water was poured over the Stela and collected. The water from the Stela was then drunk by the person suffering from the poisonous ailment. That person would identify with the child Horus who had also suffered such tragedies. During the entire process religious rites from the Stela were recited by local priests.

The first few spells on the stela are related to reptiles and other harmful creatures. The most prominent was the serpent demon Apophis who was the enemy of Ra for he is the equivalent of the devil. The spell forced the serpent to decapitate and burn into pieces. The second half of the spell would force the serpent to vomit and while the priest recited this spell the person inflicted would also vomit freeing their body of the poison.

The next spell was directed towards a cat. The cat contained a bit of a god or goddess and would be able to destroy any sort of poison. The spell asks for Ra to aid the cat in her time of need.

Most of the Stela has inscriptions that describe stories such as the ones above in relation to being poisoned and spells to be cured."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metternich_Stela#:~:text=3%20Mythology-,History,most%20complete%20of%20this%20kind.

 

"Hapi (left), Horus and Set (center), performing the Sema-Tawy ritual (lotus and papyrus entwined; the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt)". Traditionally this is a ceremony performed by Hapi, God of the annual inundation of the Nile. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deux_Terres#/media/Fichier:Luxor_Tempel_15.jpg

 

19.21  The origin of the Heart symbol loss of knowledge

Many theories are trying to explain the origin of the Heart symbol by its resemblance with the shape of ivy leaves, Silphium seed pod, breasts, buttocks or other parts of the human anatomy.

But it can't be that simple, because if it was, nothing would explain why the knowledge of the origin would have been lost over time : on Valentine's Day, we wouldn't offer roses to the loved one but ivy leaves or Silphium seed pods.

If it was that simple, the real meaning of the heart symbol would have been transmitted from one generation to another.

 

19.22  The ancient Egyptian anatomical point of view of the inclined well functioning

What is striking about the above images that inspired Hindu mythology for the Churning of the Ocean representations, is that there is what looks like a perfect Heart symbol.

In my opinion, if it looks like a Heart symbol, it is because it is the origin of the Heart symbol.

The Churning of the Ocean representations are the key to understand the ancient Egyptian initial version : the churning is about the pounding of the inclined well waters by the impactor. It is about the inclined well. Hindu mythology is looking at the well from the outside point of view, and they included the impactor, but the ancient Egyptians didn't : they looked at the well from an anatomical point of view.

Ancient Egyptians looked at the inclined well like it was a functioning living heart.

 

19.23  The inclined well functioning true origin of the Heart symbol

I may have written in previous posts (before "The Pyramids of the Cold"), that the Grand Gallery was seen as the heart of the Great Pyramid, because it was in the gallery where all the physical work was done : the Grand Gallery was the place of the act of towing. The Grand Gallery was the "Hauling cavern of the Underworld".

But if I did, I was obviously wrong : the Heart of the Great Pyramid, as seen by ancient Egyptians themselves, was the inclined well. And that is the origin of the Heart symbol.

If the knowledge of the origin of the Heart symbol was lost somewhere in time, it is because the knowledge of what really was the Great Pyramid was lost in the first place.

 

19.24  The true nature of the ancient Egyptian Heart symbol look alike

I don't know what really is representing what looks like the heart symbol here, it could be as simple as 2 pouches of water that are just here so that the 2 characters could show they were pressurizing water with their feet, but it could also be a representation of a real important part of the well, I really don't know.

 

19.25  The intercourse metaphor is the reason why the Heart symbol has been associated with Love

We've already seen two metaphors about the inclined well functioning, but there is a third one that is most probably explaining the fact that the Heart symbol has been associated with love, passion and romance : the intercourse metaphor.

The endless pounding of the impactor into the waters of the well had associated it, and the curious shape that looks like a modern Heart as well, to the Love making.

Most probably this association wasn't conceived at all by the ones who designed this whole ancient Egyptian "religion", but people simply appropriated themselves the idea and made the Heart-like shape of the religious representations into the real Heart shape we know it today.

 

Operating process of the Great Pyramid of Giza for evaporative cooling of sodium carbonate natron Solvay manufacturing. Updated July 30, 2022 : implementation of "the Savior" block : the shock absorber block that protected the bottom of the inclined well structure from the released Taweret block at the shutdown procedure draining of the well.

 

19.26  Was 42 the daily Heart rate of the Great Pyramid of Egypt?

We'll see in Section 20 'The Weighing of the Heart' that when ancient Egyptians were talking about the Heart, they were referring to the heart of the Great Pyramid : the inclined well that functioned like a pulsating living heart.

In the crucial Spell 125 of the Egyptian Book of the Dead it is mentioned that the deceased person has to make a Negative Confession : "The Negative Confession (also known as The Declaration of Innocence) is a list of 42 sins which the soul of the deceased can honestly say it has never committed when it stands in judgment in the afterlife."

https://www.worldhistory.org/The_Negative_Confession/

Knowing that the whole Heart thing is about the inclined well, this number of 42 could be a very important data.

For some time know I evaluated the entire operating cycle duration of the Hauling beetle at something between 10 and 15 minutes, most of that time used to haul the impactor from its resting floating position in the well, up to the upper part of the Grand Gallery next to the top platform.

Let's say the entire team of the Grand Gallery was working 10 hours a day, from 8 am to 6 pm. With a 10 minutes cycle, it would have been possible for them to complete 60 cycles; and with a 15 minutes cycle that number comes down to 40 cycles.

It means that working 10 hours a day, the Hauling beetle could have been able to complete 42 complete cycles of a little less of 15 minutes each, assuming the Beetle was never stopped being operated and that the crewmembers would have been regularly relayed.

In short, 42 cycles could have been the daily objective of the Hauling beetle crewmembers.

42 could have been the daily Heart rate of the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

 

19.27  The creation of the myths about the inclined well

It is very hard to imagine what really looked like the pyramid when operated, but certainly as I've already discussed many times in posts previous to 'The Pyramids of the Cold', the Great Pyramid wouldn't have been completed; it would have pretty much looked like the lower part of the Bent Pyramid, and if this Bent Pyramid is precisely in 2 parts, it must certainly has to be related to that lower Great Pyramid part for cold production.

But if the impactor hit the waters of the well every 15 minutes and if the Grand Gallery was somehow close to be in midair, the sound of the whole thing would have been heard probably kilometers away.

Everybody in ancient Giza would have been able to hear it, 10 hours a day, every 15 minutes for most probably a period of 4 months (Section 20). Residents of Giza would have heard it but also everybody coming to Giza from foreign countries : visitors, merchants, domestic and foreign dignitaries, etc.

Of course, the biggest impression would have been caused by the breaking of the Bes wedging block and the release of the Taweret block resulting in the tremendous shock with the Savior block (granite plug #2).

Everybody heard it, and everybody talked about it. This is how the inclined well inspired so many myths in the ancient World.

 

19.28  Summary of the study : hidden behind the academic vision of the ancient Egyptian religion, a vast number of metaphors are describing some of the most advanced science and technological knowledge of that time : ancient Egyptian gods were nothing else than pharaohs' metaphoric self-glorifications of their theoretical and experimental scientific accomplishments in physics and chemistry.

Pharaohs used the power of Science to legitimate themselves as kings of Egypt : they forged an entire religion, based on science to rule their kingdom, and they presented that science as Magic.

The end game of this technological program that probably started on the very first Dynasty, was the Great Pyramid of Giza where evaporative cooling was engineered in the known part of the pyramid from the pressurized water produced in the inclined well, known today as the ascending passage.

The evaporative cold simply took advantage of the power of water, and was most probably necessary to cool down chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate produced by an ammonia-soda Solvay process, as suggested by the very strong ammonia smell and the limestone kiln in the so-called burial chamber of the Red Pyramid. At that time, sodium carbonate was called natron, and it was the salt used for the mummification of the pharaohs (Sections 14, 15 and 16).

The cooling seems to have represented the most difficult part of the process, as suggested by the Step Pyramid's official name : according to scholars, the very first pyramid complex, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, was called "the refreshment of the Gods". No doubt that a more accurate translation would certainly be "the cooling of the Gods".

It means that ancient Egyptians were the first civilization to master a Solvay-like process for sodium carbonate manufacturing, long before it got reinvented in the 1800's in Europe. The key elements of that process is the temperature control of the chemical reactions (the cooling), and the dome shaped plate necessary for the counterflow chemical reactions to occur in an efficient way. That counterflow reaction plate is what really is the disc of Sabu.

As shown with Akhenaten and Nefertiti, the creation of the evaporative cold was the most sacred accomplishment of all (Section 17), and this is exactly what the Dendera Light is all about : the Dendera Light is the fog of microdroplets of liquid water that evaporates and creates the cold. Talking about the snake inside the Dendera Light Bulb : "The field surrounding Ra’s snake form is referred to in ancient Egyptian literature as protective magical energy in liquid form that all gods and pharaohs possess" (Faulkner, Section 2).

Everything that had been done in the Great Pyramid of Giza inspired most of the ancient Egyptian religion, and it had been glorified into what we know today as the Underworld.

The Underworld is referring to the chambers and passages of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and in particular to the Grand Gallery where a hauling gantry beetle operated a wooden coffin shaped impactor that had a small nested granite block inside it. The impactor generated endlessly, over and over, maybe every 15 minutes the pressurized water that was then transformed into a fog of microdroplets inside the horizontal cooling passage.

The Grand Gallery of the Great Pyramid where the act of hauling was done, is the "Secret Hauling Cavern of the Underworld" described in the Amduat "Book of the Hidden Chamber".

The most important chamber of the Great Pyramid wasn't the King's chamber that only was the main water tank of the pyramid, but the Queen's chamber, the only one on the central axis of the pyramid. Because the Queen's chamber was inaccessible from the rest of the pyramid, it was glorified into the "Hidden Chamber of the Underworld" (Section 11), and because the Queen's chamber was the coolest place in the pyramid (about 5°C / 41°F), and with a constant 100% Humidity rate, this chamber was the one where the biggest amount of very hard salt encrustation had been documented by the first explorers of the pyramid in the 1800's and before it had been removed in 1998 by Zahi Hawass (Section 1). Very hard salt encrustation is the signature of the evaporative cooling process, even nowadays.

The most incredible thing is that pretty much everything I've just said, actually appears in one single myth, but it doesn't originate from ancient Egypt : it is the "Churning of the Ocean" Hindu myth that produces the immortal nectar Amrita. The fact is that the endless churning of water that ends up with the production of an elixir that gives eternal life, is exactly what were doing ancient Egyptians in the inclined well : natron was the salt used for the mummification of pharaohs.

Natron gave eternal life to pharaohs, just like the Amrita (Section 19).

 

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Diagram of the Great Pyramid of Giza in operation, for evaporative cold production.

The constant high humidity rate resulting of the evaporative cooling created in the horizontal passage and the Queen's chamber is explaining the presence of very thick and hard incrustation of salt in both of these parts of the Great Pyramid (read more on that subject in Section 1).

Salt encrustation is the signature of the evaporative cooling, even today.

 

 

0.02  The inclined well representation in KV11

Most of the time, Ancient Egyptians used to represent everything they accomplished in many metaphors, like the pressurization of the waters of the well (the Sycamore tree putting its weight upon Apep), but sometimes they also represented pretty accurate parts, and that is precisely what they did in this detail of a relief from Ramesses III KV11 tomb, where the inclined well is pretty accurately represented with its girdle stones reinforced lower part, as well as the water of the flooded upper part and the ejection of the pressurized water (snake = water).

Detail of an image from the ARCE, American Research Center in Egypt in partnership with the American University in Cairo Egyptology Department. KV 11: Rameses III, Side chamber Cc, rear wall. Valley of the Kings, East Valley, West Bank, Luxor. Image #21076 by Matjaz Kacicnik, taken on December 2005 : https://thebanmappingproject.com/images/21076jpg

 

 

0.03  The Pyramids of the Cold - Table of contents

Section 1 • The Evaporative Cooling Passage, Nefertem and the khepeshes

Section 2 • The Evaporative Cooling : the Dendera Light

Section 3 • The Evaporative Cooling : the Amun, Geb, Shu, Nut and Tefnut glorifying metaphors

Section 4 • The Inclined Well layout : the Girdle Stones and the interlocked blocks

Section 5 • The Inclined Well waters : the Great Snake Apep metaphor of the pressurized waters

Section 6 • The Inclined Well : the Taweret Lady of the Well block

Section 7 • The Inclined Well : the Bes wedging block and the Māori ceremonial Haka

Section 8 • The Inclined Well : the draining of the well

Section 9 • The Inclined Well : the Was Scepter, the Sa Symbol and the Isis Knot

Section 10 • The Impactor

Section 11 • The Grand Gallery : the Hidden Hauling Cavern of the Underworld

​Section 12 • The Grand Gallery : the Hauling Beetle designed for 8+2 crewmembers

​​Section 13 • The Grand Gallery : the Scarab Amulets

​Section 14 • Solvay process (natron manufacturing) : the Red Pyramid

​Section 15 • Solvay process (natron manufacturing) : the Disc of Sabu

​Section 16 • Solvay process : the cooling of the Eye of Horus

Section 17 • The Ankh symbol and the changes made by Akhenaten & Nefertiti

Section 18 • The Sarcophagus of the Great Pyramid

Section 19 • The Churning of the Ocean of Milk Hindu myth

Section 20 • The Weighing of the Heart and the peeing Baboon

Section 21 • Osiris and the Tibetan Prayer Wheels' Too Lazy Naga snakes

Section 22 • Thor and the mist of cold from the Well of Hvergelmir

Section 23 • The Sun God Ra impactor and the squeaky Hauling rope

Section 24 • The Osiris' seed and Horus' Opening of the Mouth

Section 25 • Two Ladies and the Shen Tow ring

Section 26 • The Tree of Life wooden caisson and the Smiter nobody can see

Section 27 • The Memphis evaporative cold Triad air inflated snake

Section 28 • The Elephantine Triad deification of the biosand filter

Section 29 • The Obelisk and the Benben stone

Section 30 • Crocodile god Sobek's fishing net

Section 31 • Hapi's Twin Brother Hapy and the Seven Scorpions of Isis

Section 32 • Anubis and the bobsled mask

 

This engraving shows Dutch mathematician and physicist Jean Henri van Swinden (1746–1823) demonstrating the generation of electricity to the Felix Meritis Society in Amsterdam. The Felix Meritis Society was founded in the late 18th century to promote the arts and sciences (Felix Meritis translates as "Happiness through Merit"). Barbiers, Pieter Pietersz., and Jacques Kuyper. Courtesy of Science History Institute in Philadelphia : https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/zg64tm573

The astronomical ceiling at the Pronaos, outer hypostyle hall in the Temple of Hathor in the Dendera Temple complex, near Dendera, Egypt. : detail of the first Band west from the centre, showing the full "healed moon on a pillar" depicted as "Wadjet" the Eye of Horus healed by Thoth, who is portrayed at the right. Thanks to Kairoinfo4U : https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/9295311496

Jim Hutton as detective Ellery Queen, posing with a magnifying glass courtesy of NBC Television.

 

0.04  The real secret of ancient Egyptian pharaohs was scientific knowledge : physics and chemistry were perceived as magical proof that they were having the legitimacy to reign from the gods

The most advanced technological program developed by ancient Egyptians was the chemical manufacturing of natron using scientific knowledge in physics and chemistry.

At the time of the pharaohs, they didn't use the modern term "sodium carbonate" : it was called natron and it was the  mummification salt. Today, we don't use the word natron anymore but we are still producing it : that is sodium carbonate, a chemical produced with sodium bicarbonate using an ammonia-soda Solvay process.

Pharaoh's Sneferu, Khufu's father, built 3 pyramids to master the production of this pure mineral form of the salt he was gonna use to access to immortality. If my theory is correct, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, at Giza, would be the achievement of his father's quest for immortality.

Scientific knowledge involving Physics and Chemistry was the real secret of the ancient Egyptians, probably for many generations before Sneferu ; and the demonstration of this knowledge would have been an important piece of the political balance between the people and their kings.

 

People would probably only see magic in physics and chemistry. Scientific knowledge was the proof that their rulers had the legitimacy to reign.

Physics and Chemistry were coming from the gods. Science was coming from the gods.

Sneferu was probably the most revolutionary pharaoh of all times, and he decided to deploy chemistry technology like never before. He didn't hesitate to build 3 pyramids and who knows how many smaller structures, to achieve the production of pure natron. The Great Pyramid of Giza should be seen, so to speak, as the fourth pyramid of Sneferu, the culmination of many years of hard work.

The pure natron produced inside the pyramids by Sneferu, had many advantages: they didn't have to rely on quarrying and purifying rocks, but I think the most important reason to do it, is that chemistry was probably seen at that time as magic.

 

Please note that on the 2 above images, both have the exact same meaning : they are both talking about science, observation and analysis.

Pharaoh's showing off their ability to master the chemistry crafts, was probably the cornerstone of their legitimacy to rule their kingdom. It was certainly assumed that the gods were giving that magical chemistry art directly to the pharaoh.

It is absolutely exhilarating to imagine what could have been that ancient Egyptian society, where most probably nobody had the right to even try to do any kind of chemistry, because it would have been perceived as an attempt to mimic the pharaoh's power and privileges.

Still, humans being what they are, some would have tried, and they would have been extremely severely punished for that.

The sacred and magic chemistry craft was the real secret and the real treasure of Ancient Egypt.

 

Ancient Egyptians represented snakes everywhere in countless occasions, but they were nothing but water metaphors referring to their scientific accomplishments in physics and chemistry (Section 5). Snakes = water. 

 

0.05  The Great Pyramid of Khufu was a profound Change of Civilization Event

When operating, the Great Pyramid would have appeared like a living beast : a lot of noises, fumes and smoke would get out of it. 4,500 years ago, no wonder such a sight changed forever the identity of the Egyptian people and was at the origin of many symbolic or mythological scenes, figures, gods and artifacts.

One of the ramifications of my theory about Sneferu's pyramids, is that many aspects of ancient Egyptian religion and artifacts, maybe even most of them, are based on the operating of the Great Pyramid at Giza. Everything starts with Sneferu's reign and is quest for the sodium carbonate manufacturing: Sneferu wanted pure "magical" man made natron for his mummification, and probably other purposes, like chemical "magical" demonstrations to the people.

 

If there is no doubt that the Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza was designed to create cold in the horizontal passage, using the power of evaporated water, its usage is purely hypothetical, and only based on the analysis of the Red Pyramid and the fact that the so called burial chamber was actually a limestone kiln. That kiln and the very strong ammonia smell are suggesting that ancient Egyptians developed in that pyramid the chemical manufacturing of sodium carbonate (also called natron, the salt used for the mummification of the pharaohs) and sodium bicarbonate. Ancient Egyptians were the ones who invented the Solvay process in the first place.

My opinion is that they developed the evaporative cold in the Great Pyramid to master the process : in the Red Pyramid, the accumulation of ammonia indicates that they didn't control the chemical reaction temperatures at that time. If this assumption is right, then, on top of the Grand Gallery is set the Solvay reaction chambers with discs of Sabu inside.

Dendera Light, thanks to Kairoinfo4U: https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/14525094039/in/photostream/

 

It is important to understand that during the entire operation of the Great Pyramid, hence the creation of the evaporative cold, the bottom of the inclined well was what is now known as the upper granite plug. That crucial block has been deified into the goddess Taweret and was like suspended in mid-air, blocked by a smaller granite block set in the floor of the ascending passage : the wedging block that was deified into the deity Bes. Sections 6, 7, 8 and 9.

Hatshepsut’s birth scene, from Édouard Naville "The Temple of Deir el Bahari" (London, 1896), vol. 2, pl. 50. Image courtesy of the University Library Heidelberg : The Ebony shrine, northern half of the middle platform. https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/naville1896bd2/0050

 

The hidden meaning of goddess of childbirth Taweret is all about water : it is about the draining of the inclined well of the Great Pyramid. Taweret is represented as an hippopotamus because she was the glorifying personification of the granite block that sealed the bottom of the inclined well. Like an hippopotamus does, Taweret spent all her time at the bottom of the well, under water all day long.

 

Scene from the astronomical ceiling of the Hypostyle Hall of the Dendera Temple of Hathor at Lunet (Lunet is the ancient Egyptian name of Dendera), showing 'goddess of the sky' Nut with her entire body made of water, as indicated by the very large blue water ripple signs on her body. Photograph thanks to Kairoinfo4U :  https://www.flickr.com/photos/manna4u/9293995463/in/photostream/ 

Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs : 'mHti mHt wrt' (My flood (is) the great flood). Source : Bibliotheca Alexandrina

 

 

Deities like Shu, Geb, Nut and Tefnut are referring to the basic fundamental physical laws that are explaining the evaporative cooling process. Shu is the representation of dry and warm air, Geb is the representation of water in liquid form, Nut is the representation of the evaporated water (water in the sky), and Tefnut is the representation of liquid water in form of microdroplets (that is spat water, as 'tf' means 'to spit').

Additionally to these "fundamental" gods, other gods were also directly referring to the practical application of these scientific concepts : they were the "experimental" gods, like Apep (the pressurized waters of the inclined well), Atum (the small amount of that pressurized water ejected towards the evaporative passage), Nefertem (the water supply pipe of the fog nozzle and the fog nozzle itself) and Amun, the "invisible" King of Gods that was representing the evaporative process strictly speaking and thus, creating the cold.

For more on ancient Egyptian gods as glorifying representations of the accomplishments of pharaoh's scientists and engineers, and the way they are referring to whether the theoretical or experimental point of view of that scientific knowledge, please read Section 3 and 17 for explanations on the Ankh symbol.

Drawing of Amun-Ra, post Amarna : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Amun-Ra_post_Amarna_(azure_skin_color).svg

 

The Hauling Beetle of the Great Pyramid of Giza, for 8 crewmembers operating the wooden gantry inside the Grand Gallery. The Grand Gallery had been glorified into the famous "hauling cavern of the Underworld" of the Amduat, the Book of the Hidden Chamber. All the known chambers and passages of the Great Pyramid are representing the Underworld, and the Queen's chamber is the Hidden chamber itself, the most important chamber of the whole pyramid.

 

0.06  Most of ancient Egyptian gods and artifacts didn't exist at the time of Sneferu's reign

The first thing we should have in mind in regards to ancient Egyptian studies, is that pretty much everything we can think of nowadays with religious significance, didn't exist at the time when Sneferu was building his pyramids and planning for the Great Pyramid at Giza, that I believe will inherit his son, Khufu.

At the time of Sneferu and the Fourth Dynasty, the scarab amulets didn't exist ; gods Horus, Isis, Osiris, Nefertem, Ptah, Sokar, etc. didn't exist. The Eye of Horus didn't exist. The Four Sons of Horus didn't exist. The scarab beetle faced god Kephri-Ra didn't exist. The 8 Ogdoad primordial deities didn't exist. All these elements only start to appear progressively with the Fifth and Sixth Dynasty.

The question everyone should ask, is what the heck happened, that would explain that suddenly, in just a period of a few decades, scarab beetle amulets were crafted in vast numbers and all these new "gods" appear with so many unusual artifacts (the Khepeshes, the wooden base of figurines in the shape of a wooden beam, lotus flowers with copper pipes, etc.).

Pretty much everything we know about ancient Egyptian religion starts with the pyramid texts on the Fifth Dynasty: "The Pyramid Texts are the oldest ancient Egyptian funerary texts, dating to the late Old Kingdom. They are the earliest known corpus of ancient Egyptian religious texts. Written in Old Egyptian, the pyramid texts were carved onto the subterranean walls and sarcophagi of pyramids at Saqqara from the end of the Fifth Dynasty, and throughout the Sixth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom, and into the Eighth Dynasty of the First Intermediate Period" (source : Wikipedia).

 

Pharaoh Ptolemy IV Philopator (222–204 BC) adoring Montu — in the "Place Of Truth" of Deir el-Medina : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montu#/media/File:Menthu_and_Ptolemy_IV.jpg

Right image : Doctor Syntax attending a scientific demonstration at the Royal Institution, London. Coloured aquatint by T. Rowlandson after W. Combe.

 

0.07  The temples of ancient Egypt

Do you really believe that the biggest "temples" were for worship?

Do you know that the biggest temples employed "tens of thousands of people" and that they had their own sailing ships to get materials abroad?

What do you think, let's say that 50.000 people were doing in these "temples" all year long?

These are some clues : scientific and technological university studies, research application centers, "religious" artists, physical training, etc.

"Temples were key centers of economic activity. The largest required prodigious resources and employed tens of thousands of priests, craftsmen, and laborers." Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_temple

Ancient Egyptian temples were the heart of the technological efforts for chemical manufacturing. It was in these temples that everything about this scientific program was elaborate. In these temples, the disc of Sabu was designed to achieve the most effective counterflow reactions, a Solvay-like process was developed and the evaporative cooling was mastered.